Mandible morphology and diet of the South American extinct metatherian predators (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta)
Sparassodonta is a diverse group of extinct metatherian predators that include forms with diets ranging from omnivores to hypercarnivores, including potential bone-crushers and sabre-Tooth specialised species. Most of the previous dietary studies on the group were based on qualitative approaches or...
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todo:paper_17556910_v106_n4_p277_Echarri2023-10-03T16:32:35Z Mandible morphology and diet of the South American extinct metatherian predators (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta) Echarri, S. Ercoli, M.D. Amelia Chemisquy, M. Turazzini, G. Prevosti, F.J. Borhyaenoidea evolutionary constraints geometric morphometrics Hathliacynidae palaeoecology diet evolutionary biology marsupial morphology paleoecology paleontology predator Mammalia Metatheria Sparassodonta Sparassodonta is a diverse group of extinct metatherian predators that include forms with diets ranging from omnivores to hypercarnivores, including potential bone-crushers and sabre-Tooth specialised species. Most of the previous dietary studies on the group were based on qualitative approaches or dental morphometric indexes and/or bite force estimations. In this study, we explore the evolution of mandible shape and diet of Sparassodonta in a comparative phylogenetic framework, using geometric morphometric tools and allometric and discriminant analyses. We analysed the mandible shape of 142 extant species of marsupials and placental carnivores, and 15 fossil sparassodont species. We found that the relationship between shape and size of the mandible is strongly structured by phylogeny, where the more derived borhyaenoids tend to possess stronger and larger mandibles. Derived borhyaenoid sparassodonts and basal borhyaenoids were classified as hypercarnivores (with short and robust mandibular body). Hathliacynid were classified as mesocarnivores or as hypercarnivores, but with lower probabilities and less specialised morphologies (with a long and slender mandible). Although dental morphology suggests that most of the species of Sparassodonta would have been hypercarnivores, the robustness of the mandible seems to be informative regarding the prey size and degree of specialisation. The relationship between mandibular size and shape, and talonid/trigonid relative size, is strongly influenced by the phylogenetic legacy, suggesting that ecological factors could have influenced the evolution of the sparassodonts. © Copyright The Royal Society of Edinburgh 2017. Fil:Echarri, S. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Ercoli, M.D. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Amelia Chemisquy, M. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Turazzini, G. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. JOUR info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_17556910_v106_n4_p277_Echarri |
| institution |
Universidad de Buenos Aires |
| institution_str |
I-28 |
| repository_str |
R-134 |
| collection |
Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) |
| topic |
Borhyaenoidea evolutionary constraints geometric morphometrics Hathliacynidae palaeoecology diet evolutionary biology marsupial morphology paleoecology paleontology predator Mammalia Metatheria Sparassodonta |
| spellingShingle |
Borhyaenoidea evolutionary constraints geometric morphometrics Hathliacynidae palaeoecology diet evolutionary biology marsupial morphology paleoecology paleontology predator Mammalia Metatheria Sparassodonta Echarri, S. Ercoli, M.D. Amelia Chemisquy, M. Turazzini, G. Prevosti, F.J. Mandible morphology and diet of the South American extinct metatherian predators (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta) |
| topic_facet |
Borhyaenoidea evolutionary constraints geometric morphometrics Hathliacynidae palaeoecology diet evolutionary biology marsupial morphology paleoecology paleontology predator Mammalia Metatheria Sparassodonta |
| description |
Sparassodonta is a diverse group of extinct metatherian predators that include forms with diets ranging from omnivores to hypercarnivores, including potential bone-crushers and sabre-Tooth specialised species. Most of the previous dietary studies on the group were based on qualitative approaches or dental morphometric indexes and/or bite force estimations. In this study, we explore the evolution of mandible shape and diet of Sparassodonta in a comparative phylogenetic framework, using geometric morphometric tools and allometric and discriminant analyses. We analysed the mandible shape of 142 extant species of marsupials and placental carnivores, and 15 fossil sparassodont species. We found that the relationship between shape and size of the mandible is strongly structured by phylogeny, where the more derived borhyaenoids tend to possess stronger and larger mandibles. Derived borhyaenoid sparassodonts and basal borhyaenoids were classified as hypercarnivores (with short and robust mandibular body). Hathliacynid were classified as mesocarnivores or as hypercarnivores, but with lower probabilities and less specialised morphologies (with a long and slender mandible). Although dental morphology suggests that most of the species of Sparassodonta would have been hypercarnivores, the robustness of the mandible seems to be informative regarding the prey size and degree of specialisation. The relationship between mandibular size and shape, and talonid/trigonid relative size, is strongly influenced by the phylogenetic legacy, suggesting that ecological factors could have influenced the evolution of the sparassodonts. © Copyright The Royal Society of Edinburgh 2017. |
| format |
JOUR |
| author |
Echarri, S. Ercoli, M.D. Amelia Chemisquy, M. Turazzini, G. Prevosti, F.J. |
| author_facet |
Echarri, S. Ercoli, M.D. Amelia Chemisquy, M. Turazzini, G. Prevosti, F.J. |
| author_sort |
Echarri, S. |
| title |
Mandible morphology and diet of the South American extinct metatherian predators (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta) |
| title_short |
Mandible morphology and diet of the South American extinct metatherian predators (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta) |
| title_full |
Mandible morphology and diet of the South American extinct metatherian predators (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta) |
| title_fullStr |
Mandible morphology and diet of the South American extinct metatherian predators (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta) |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Mandible morphology and diet of the South American extinct metatherian predators (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta) |
| title_sort |
mandible morphology and diet of the south american extinct metatherian predators (mammalia, metatheria, sparassodonta) |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_17556910_v106_n4_p277_Echarri |
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