The formation of stellar black holes

It is believed that stellar black holes (BHs) can be formed in two different ways: Either a massive star collapses directly into a BH without a supernova (SN) explosion, or an explosion occurs in a proto-neutron star, but the energy is too low to completely unbind the stellar envelope, and a large f...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Mirabel, F.
Formato: JOUR
Materias:
Binary back holes
Black holes
Gravitational waves
X-ray binaries
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_13876473_v78_n_p1_Mirabel
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Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) de Universidad de Buenos Aires
id todo:paper_13876473_v78_n_p1_Mirabel
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spelling todo:paper_13876473_v78_n_p1_Mirabel2023-10-03T16:12:31Z The formation of stellar black holes Mirabel, F. Binary back holes Black holes Gravitational waves X-ray binaries It is believed that stellar black holes (BHs) can be formed in two different ways: Either a massive star collapses directly into a BH without a supernova (SN) explosion, or an explosion occurs in a proto-neutron star, but the energy is too low to completely unbind the stellar envelope, and a large fraction of it falls back onto the short-lived neutron star (NS), leading to the delayed formation of a BH. Theoretical models set progenitor masses for BH formation by implosion, namely, by complete or almost complete collapse, but observational evidences have been elusive. Here are reviewed the observational insights on BHs formed by implosion without large natal kicks from: (1) the kinematics in three dimensions of space of five Galactic BH X-ray binaries (BH-XRBs), (2) the diversity of optical and infrared observations of massive stars that collapse in the dark, with no luminous SN explosions, possibly leading to the formation of BHs, and (3) the sources of gravitational waves (GWs) produced by mergers of stellar BHs so far detected with LIGO. Multiple indications of BH formation without ejection of a significant amount of matter and with no natal kicks obtained from these different areas of observational astrophysics, and the recent observational confirmation of the expected dependence of BH formation on metallicity and redshift, are qualitatively consistent with the high merger rates of binary black holes (BBHs) inferred from the first detections with LIGO. © 2017 Elsevier B.V. JOUR info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_13876473_v78_n_p1_Mirabel
institution Universidad de Buenos Aires
institution_str I-28
repository_str R-134
collection Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA)
topic Binary back holes
Black holes
Gravitational waves
X-ray binaries
spellingShingle Binary back holes
Black holes
Gravitational waves
X-ray binaries
Mirabel, F.
The formation of stellar black holes
topic_facet Binary back holes
Black holes
Gravitational waves
X-ray binaries
description It is believed that stellar black holes (BHs) can be formed in two different ways: Either a massive star collapses directly into a BH without a supernova (SN) explosion, or an explosion occurs in a proto-neutron star, but the energy is too low to completely unbind the stellar envelope, and a large fraction of it falls back onto the short-lived neutron star (NS), leading to the delayed formation of a BH. Theoretical models set progenitor masses for BH formation by implosion, namely, by complete or almost complete collapse, but observational evidences have been elusive. Here are reviewed the observational insights on BHs formed by implosion without large natal kicks from: (1) the kinematics in three dimensions of space of five Galactic BH X-ray binaries (BH-XRBs), (2) the diversity of optical and infrared observations of massive stars that collapse in the dark, with no luminous SN explosions, possibly leading to the formation of BHs, and (3) the sources of gravitational waves (GWs) produced by mergers of stellar BHs so far detected with LIGO. Multiple indications of BH formation without ejection of a significant amount of matter and with no natal kicks obtained from these different areas of observational astrophysics, and the recent observational confirmation of the expected dependence of BH formation on metallicity and redshift, are qualitatively consistent with the high merger rates of binary black holes (BBHs) inferred from the first detections with LIGO. © 2017 Elsevier B.V.
format JOUR
author Mirabel, F.
author_facet Mirabel, F.
author_sort Mirabel, F.
title The formation of stellar black holes
title_short The formation of stellar black holes
title_full The formation of stellar black holes
title_fullStr The formation of stellar black holes
title_full_unstemmed The formation of stellar black holes
title_sort formation of stellar black holes
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_13876473_v78_n_p1_Mirabel
work_keys_str_mv AT mirabelf theformationofstellarblackholes
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