Lifelong Aerobic Exercise Reduces the Stress Response in Rats
The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of lifelong aerobic exercise (AE) on the adaptive response of the stress system in rats. It is well known that hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA) activity differs when triggered by voluntary or forced exercise models. Male Wistar rats belonging...
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todo:paper_03064522_v376_n_p94_Pietrelli2023-10-03T15:22:29Z Lifelong Aerobic Exercise Reduces the Stress Response in Rats Pietrelli, A. Di Nardo, M. Masucci, A. Brusco, A. Basso, N. Matkovic, L. aging anxiety exercise HPA axis stress treadmill running catecholamine corticosterone corticotropin releasing factor catecholamine corticosterone adaptive behavior adrenal gland adrenal sensitivity adult aerobic exercise age aged aging animal cell animal experiment animal tissue anxiety anxiogenic state Article behavior behavior assessment biochemical analysis brain function cell vacuole controlled study corticosterone blood level emotionality histopathology male middle aged neurofeedback nonhuman priority journal psychological resilience rat stress sympathetic tone thymus upregulation animal brain mental stress metabolism pathology pathophysiology physiology prevention and control psychological resilience psychology randomization running Wistar rat Adrenal Glands Aging Animals Anxiety Brain Catecholamines Corticosterone Male Random Allocation Rats, Wistar Resilience, Psychological Running Stress, Psychological The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of lifelong aerobic exercise (AE) on the adaptive response of the stress system in rats. It is well known that hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA) activity differs when triggered by voluntary or forced exercise models. Male Wistar rats belonging to exercise (E) or control (C) groups were subjected to chronic AE, and two cutoff points were established at 8 (middle age) and 18 months (old age). Behavioral, biochemical and histopathological studies were performed on the main components/targets of the stress system. AE increased adrenal sensitivity (AS), brain corticosterone (CORT) and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), but had no effect on the thymus, adrenal glands (AGs) weight or plasma CORT. In addition, AE exerted no effect on the sympathetic tone, but significantly reduced anxiety-related behavior and emotionality. Aging decreased AS and deregulated neuroendocrine feedback, leading to an anxiogenic state which was mitigated by AE. Histopathological and morphometric analysis of AGs showed no alterations in middle-aged rats but adrenal vacuolization in approximately 20% old rats. In conclusion, lifelong AE did not produce adverse effects related to a chronic stress state. On the contrary, while AE upregulated some components of the HPA axis, it generated an adaptive response to cumulative changes, possibly through different compensatory and/or super compensatory mechanisms, modulated by age. The long-term practice of AE had a strong positive impact on stress resilience so that it could be recommended as a complementary therapy in stress and depression disease. © 2018 IBRO JOUR info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_03064522_v376_n_p94_Pietrelli |
| institution |
Universidad de Buenos Aires |
| institution_str |
I-28 |
| repository_str |
R-134 |
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Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) |
| topic |
aging anxiety exercise HPA axis stress treadmill running catecholamine corticosterone corticotropin releasing factor catecholamine corticosterone adaptive behavior adrenal gland adrenal sensitivity adult aerobic exercise age aged aging animal cell animal experiment animal tissue anxiety anxiogenic state Article behavior behavior assessment biochemical analysis brain function cell vacuole controlled study corticosterone blood level emotionality histopathology male middle aged neurofeedback nonhuman priority journal psychological resilience rat stress sympathetic tone thymus upregulation animal brain mental stress metabolism pathology pathophysiology physiology prevention and control psychological resilience psychology randomization running Wistar rat Adrenal Glands Aging Animals Anxiety Brain Catecholamines Corticosterone Male Random Allocation Rats, Wistar Resilience, Psychological Running Stress, Psychological |
| spellingShingle |
aging anxiety exercise HPA axis stress treadmill running catecholamine corticosterone corticotropin releasing factor catecholamine corticosterone adaptive behavior adrenal gland adrenal sensitivity adult aerobic exercise age aged aging animal cell animal experiment animal tissue anxiety anxiogenic state Article behavior behavior assessment biochemical analysis brain function cell vacuole controlled study corticosterone blood level emotionality histopathology male middle aged neurofeedback nonhuman priority journal psychological resilience rat stress sympathetic tone thymus upregulation animal brain mental stress metabolism pathology pathophysiology physiology prevention and control psychological resilience psychology randomization running Wistar rat Adrenal Glands Aging Animals Anxiety Brain Catecholamines Corticosterone Male Random Allocation Rats, Wistar Resilience, Psychological Running Stress, Psychological Pietrelli, A. Di Nardo, M. Masucci, A. Brusco, A. Basso, N. Matkovic, L. Lifelong Aerobic Exercise Reduces the Stress Response in Rats |
| topic_facet |
aging anxiety exercise HPA axis stress treadmill running catecholamine corticosterone corticotropin releasing factor catecholamine corticosterone adaptive behavior adrenal gland adrenal sensitivity adult aerobic exercise age aged aging animal cell animal experiment animal tissue anxiety anxiogenic state Article behavior behavior assessment biochemical analysis brain function cell vacuole controlled study corticosterone blood level emotionality histopathology male middle aged neurofeedback nonhuman priority journal psychological resilience rat stress sympathetic tone thymus upregulation animal brain mental stress metabolism pathology pathophysiology physiology prevention and control psychological resilience psychology randomization running Wistar rat Adrenal Glands Aging Animals Anxiety Brain Catecholamines Corticosterone Male Random Allocation Rats, Wistar Resilience, Psychological Running Stress, Psychological |
| description |
The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of lifelong aerobic exercise (AE) on the adaptive response of the stress system in rats. It is well known that hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA) activity differs when triggered by voluntary or forced exercise models. Male Wistar rats belonging to exercise (E) or control (C) groups were subjected to chronic AE, and two cutoff points were established at 8 (middle age) and 18 months (old age). Behavioral, biochemical and histopathological studies were performed on the main components/targets of the stress system. AE increased adrenal sensitivity (AS), brain corticosterone (CORT) and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), but had no effect on the thymus, adrenal glands (AGs) weight or plasma CORT. In addition, AE exerted no effect on the sympathetic tone, but significantly reduced anxiety-related behavior and emotionality. Aging decreased AS and deregulated neuroendocrine feedback, leading to an anxiogenic state which was mitigated by AE. Histopathological and morphometric analysis of AGs showed no alterations in middle-aged rats but adrenal vacuolization in approximately 20% old rats. In conclusion, lifelong AE did not produce adverse effects related to a chronic stress state. On the contrary, while AE upregulated some components of the HPA axis, it generated an adaptive response to cumulative changes, possibly through different compensatory and/or super compensatory mechanisms, modulated by age. The long-term practice of AE had a strong positive impact on stress resilience so that it could be recommended as a complementary therapy in stress and depression disease. © 2018 IBRO |
| format |
JOUR |
| author |
Pietrelli, A. Di Nardo, M. Masucci, A. Brusco, A. Basso, N. Matkovic, L. |
| author_facet |
Pietrelli, A. Di Nardo, M. Masucci, A. Brusco, A. Basso, N. Matkovic, L. |
| author_sort |
Pietrelli, A. |
| title |
Lifelong Aerobic Exercise Reduces the Stress Response in Rats |
| title_short |
Lifelong Aerobic Exercise Reduces the Stress Response in Rats |
| title_full |
Lifelong Aerobic Exercise Reduces the Stress Response in Rats |
| title_fullStr |
Lifelong Aerobic Exercise Reduces the Stress Response in Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Lifelong Aerobic Exercise Reduces the Stress Response in Rats |
| title_sort |
lifelong aerobic exercise reduces the stress response in rats |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_03064522_v376_n_p94_Pietrelli |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT pietrellia lifelongaerobicexercisereducesthestressresponseinrats AT dinardom lifelongaerobicexercisereducesthestressresponseinrats AT masuccia lifelongaerobicexercisereducesthestressresponseinrats AT bruscoa lifelongaerobicexercisereducesthestressresponseinrats AT basson lifelongaerobicexercisereducesthestressresponseinrats AT matkovicl lifelongaerobicexercisereducesthestressresponseinrats |
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