Water activity and temperature effects on mycotoxin production by Alternaria alternata on a synthetic tomato medium
Alternaria spp. have been reported to be the most frequent fungal species invading tomatoes. Certain species, in particular the most common one, A. alternata, are capable of producing several mycotoxins in infected plants and in agricultural commodities. Alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl eth...
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todo:paper_01681605_v142_n3_p348_Pose2023-10-03T15:05:49Z Water activity and temperature effects on mycotoxin production by Alternaria alternata on a synthetic tomato medium Pose, G. Patriarca, A. Kyanko, V. Pardo, A. Fernández Pinto, V. Alternaria Mycotoxins Temperature Tomato Water activity alternariol alternariol methyl ether mycotoxin tenuazonic acid unclassified drug Alternaria alternata article culture medium food contamination food spoilage food storage fungal contamination fungal strain fungus growth fungus isolation germination incubation temperature incubation time moisture mould nonhuman plant disease storage temperature temperature tomato water availability Alternaria Colony Count, Microbial Consumer Product Safety Culture Media Food Contamination Food Preservation Lactones Lycopersicon esculentum Mycotoxins Temperature Water Alternaria Alternaria alternata Lycopersicon esculentum Alternaria spp. have been reported to be the most frequent fungal species invading tomatoes. Certain species, in particular the most common one, A. alternata, are capable of producing several mycotoxins in infected plants and in agricultural commodities. Alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), and tenuazonic acid (TA) are some of the main Alternaria mycotoxins that can be found as contaminants of food. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of water activity (aw, 0.904, 0.922, 0.954, and 0.982) and temperature (6, 15, 21 and 35°C) on mycotoxin production on a synthetic tomato medium of a cocktail inoculum of five strains of A. alternata isolated from tomato fruits affected by Blackmould. The optimum AOH production occurred at 0.954 aw after 28days of incubation at 21°C. A temperature of 21°C was the most favourable for AOH synthesis at all aw levels. The maximum concentration of AME was determined at 0.954 aw and 35°C. The optimum conditions for TA accumulation were 0.982 aw and 21°C. At the 0.904 aw no growth or germination was registered at 6°C and 15°C over the whole incubation period. At 21°C and 35°C growth occurred slowly but none of the toxins were detected at this aw level. In general, high aw levels were favourable for mycotoxin production. None of the other toxins was detected at quantifiable levels at 6°C after the whole incubation period. A storage temperature of 6°C or below could be considered as safe for tomato fruits and high moisture tomato products (aw>0.95), in relation with Alternaria toxins. The results obtained here could be extrapolated to evaluate the risk of spoilage in tomato fruits and tomato products caused by this pathogen. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. Fil:Patriarca, A. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Pardo, A. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. JOUR info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_01681605_v142_n3_p348_Pose |
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Universidad de Buenos Aires |
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I-28 |
| repository_str |
R-134 |
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Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) |
| topic |
Alternaria Mycotoxins Temperature Tomato Water activity alternariol alternariol methyl ether mycotoxin tenuazonic acid unclassified drug Alternaria alternata article culture medium food contamination food spoilage food storage fungal contamination fungal strain fungus growth fungus isolation germination incubation temperature incubation time moisture mould nonhuman plant disease storage temperature temperature tomato water availability Alternaria Colony Count, Microbial Consumer Product Safety Culture Media Food Contamination Food Preservation Lactones Lycopersicon esculentum Mycotoxins Temperature Water Alternaria Alternaria alternata Lycopersicon esculentum |
| spellingShingle |
Alternaria Mycotoxins Temperature Tomato Water activity alternariol alternariol methyl ether mycotoxin tenuazonic acid unclassified drug Alternaria alternata article culture medium food contamination food spoilage food storage fungal contamination fungal strain fungus growth fungus isolation germination incubation temperature incubation time moisture mould nonhuman plant disease storage temperature temperature tomato water availability Alternaria Colony Count, Microbial Consumer Product Safety Culture Media Food Contamination Food Preservation Lactones Lycopersicon esculentum Mycotoxins Temperature Water Alternaria Alternaria alternata Lycopersicon esculentum Pose, G. Patriarca, A. Kyanko, V. Pardo, A. Fernández Pinto, V. Water activity and temperature effects on mycotoxin production by Alternaria alternata on a synthetic tomato medium |
| topic_facet |
Alternaria Mycotoxins Temperature Tomato Water activity alternariol alternariol methyl ether mycotoxin tenuazonic acid unclassified drug Alternaria alternata article culture medium food contamination food spoilage food storage fungal contamination fungal strain fungus growth fungus isolation germination incubation temperature incubation time moisture mould nonhuman plant disease storage temperature temperature tomato water availability Alternaria Colony Count, Microbial Consumer Product Safety Culture Media Food Contamination Food Preservation Lactones Lycopersicon esculentum Mycotoxins Temperature Water Alternaria Alternaria alternata Lycopersicon esculentum |
| description |
Alternaria spp. have been reported to be the most frequent fungal species invading tomatoes. Certain species, in particular the most common one, A. alternata, are capable of producing several mycotoxins in infected plants and in agricultural commodities. Alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), and tenuazonic acid (TA) are some of the main Alternaria mycotoxins that can be found as contaminants of food. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of water activity (aw, 0.904, 0.922, 0.954, and 0.982) and temperature (6, 15, 21 and 35°C) on mycotoxin production on a synthetic tomato medium of a cocktail inoculum of five strains of A. alternata isolated from tomato fruits affected by Blackmould. The optimum AOH production occurred at 0.954 aw after 28days of incubation at 21°C. A temperature of 21°C was the most favourable for AOH synthesis at all aw levels. The maximum concentration of AME was determined at 0.954 aw and 35°C. The optimum conditions for TA accumulation were 0.982 aw and 21°C. At the 0.904 aw no growth or germination was registered at 6°C and 15°C over the whole incubation period. At 21°C and 35°C growth occurred slowly but none of the toxins were detected at this aw level. In general, high aw levels were favourable for mycotoxin production. None of the other toxins was detected at quantifiable levels at 6°C after the whole incubation period. A storage temperature of 6°C or below could be considered as safe for tomato fruits and high moisture tomato products (aw>0.95), in relation with Alternaria toxins. The results obtained here could be extrapolated to evaluate the risk of spoilage in tomato fruits and tomato products caused by this pathogen. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. |
| format |
JOUR |
| author |
Pose, G. Patriarca, A. Kyanko, V. Pardo, A. Fernández Pinto, V. |
| author_facet |
Pose, G. Patriarca, A. Kyanko, V. Pardo, A. Fernández Pinto, V. |
| author_sort |
Pose, G. |
| title |
Water activity and temperature effects on mycotoxin production by Alternaria alternata on a synthetic tomato medium |
| title_short |
Water activity and temperature effects on mycotoxin production by Alternaria alternata on a synthetic tomato medium |
| title_full |
Water activity and temperature effects on mycotoxin production by Alternaria alternata on a synthetic tomato medium |
| title_fullStr |
Water activity and temperature effects on mycotoxin production by Alternaria alternata on a synthetic tomato medium |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Water activity and temperature effects on mycotoxin production by Alternaria alternata on a synthetic tomato medium |
| title_sort |
water activity and temperature effects on mycotoxin production by alternaria alternata on a synthetic tomato medium |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_01681605_v142_n3_p348_Pose |
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