Toward establishing a morphological and ultrastructural characterization of proembryogenic masses and early somatic embryos of Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze

Somatic embryogenesis is a morphogenetic route useful for the study of embryonic development, as well as the large-scale propagation of endangered species, such as the Brazilian pine (Araucaria angustifolia). In the present study, we investigated the morphological and ultrastructural organization of...

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Autores principales: Steiner, N., Farias-Soares, F.L., Schmidt, É.C., Pereira, M.L.T., Scheid, B., Rogge-Renner, G.D., Bouzon, Z.L., Schmidt, D., Maldonado, S., Guerra, M.P.
Formato: JOUR
Materias:
Conifers
Histochemistry
Pluripotency
Somatic embryogenesis
Suspensor cell
cell culture technique
growth, development and aging
plant seed
tree
ultrastructure
Culture Techniques
Seeds
Trees
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_0033183X_v253_n2_p487_Steiner
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Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) de Universidad de Buenos Aires
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spelling todo:paper_0033183X_v253_n2_p487_Steiner2023-10-03T14:45:32Z Toward establishing a morphological and ultrastructural characterization of proembryogenic masses and early somatic embryos of Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze Steiner, N. Farias-Soares, F.L. Schmidt, É.C. Pereira, M.L.T. Scheid, B. Rogge-Renner, G.D. Bouzon, Z.L. Schmidt, D. Maldonado, S. Guerra, M.P. Conifers Histochemistry Pluripotency Somatic embryogenesis Suspensor cell cell culture technique growth, development and aging plant seed tree ultrastructure Culture Techniques Seeds Trees Somatic embryogenesis is a morphogenetic route useful for the study of embryonic development, as well as the large-scale propagation of endangered species, such as the Brazilian pine (Araucaria angustifolia). In the present study, we investigated the morphological and ultrastructural organization of A. angustifolia somatic embryo development by means of optical and electron microscopy. The proembryogenic stage was characterized by the proliferation of proembryogenic masses (PEMs), which are cellular aggregates composed of embryogenic cells (ECs) attached to suspensor-like cells (SCs). PEMs proliferate through three developmental stages, PEM I, II, and III, by changes in the number of ECs and SCs. PEM III-to-early somatic embryo (SE) transition was characterized by compact clusters of ECs growing out of PEM III, albeit still connected to it by SCs. Early SEs showed a dense globular embryonic mass (EM) and suspensor region (SR) connected by embryonic tube cells (TCs). By comparison, early somatic and zygotic embryos showed similar morphology. ECs are round with a large nucleus, nucleoli, and many cytoplasmic organelles. In contrast, TCs and SCs are elongated and vacuolated with cellular dismantling which is associated with programmed cell death of SCs. Abundant starch grains were observed in the TCs and SCs, while proteins were more abundant in the ECs. Based on the results of this study, a fate map of SE development in A. angustifolia is, for the first time, proposed. Additionally, this study shows the cell biology of SE development of this primitive gymnosperm which may be useful in evolutionary studies in this area. © 2015, Springer-Verlag Wien. JOUR info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_0033183X_v253_n2_p487_Steiner
institution Universidad de Buenos Aires
institution_str I-28
repository_str R-134
collection Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA)
topic Conifers
Histochemistry
Pluripotency
Somatic embryogenesis
Suspensor cell
cell culture technique
growth, development and aging
plant seed
tree
ultrastructure
Culture Techniques
Seeds
Trees
spellingShingle Conifers
Histochemistry
Pluripotency
Somatic embryogenesis
Suspensor cell
cell culture technique
growth, development and aging
plant seed
tree
ultrastructure
Culture Techniques
Seeds
Trees
Steiner, N.
Farias-Soares, F.L.
Schmidt, É.C.
Pereira, M.L.T.
Scheid, B.
Rogge-Renner, G.D.
Bouzon, Z.L.
Schmidt, D.
Maldonado, S.
Guerra, M.P.
Toward establishing a morphological and ultrastructural characterization of proembryogenic masses and early somatic embryos of Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze
topic_facet Conifers
Histochemistry
Pluripotency
Somatic embryogenesis
Suspensor cell
cell culture technique
growth, development and aging
plant seed
tree
ultrastructure
Culture Techniques
Seeds
Trees
description Somatic embryogenesis is a morphogenetic route useful for the study of embryonic development, as well as the large-scale propagation of endangered species, such as the Brazilian pine (Araucaria angustifolia). In the present study, we investigated the morphological and ultrastructural organization of A. angustifolia somatic embryo development by means of optical and electron microscopy. The proembryogenic stage was characterized by the proliferation of proembryogenic masses (PEMs), which are cellular aggregates composed of embryogenic cells (ECs) attached to suspensor-like cells (SCs). PEMs proliferate through three developmental stages, PEM I, II, and III, by changes in the number of ECs and SCs. PEM III-to-early somatic embryo (SE) transition was characterized by compact clusters of ECs growing out of PEM III, albeit still connected to it by SCs. Early SEs showed a dense globular embryonic mass (EM) and suspensor region (SR) connected by embryonic tube cells (TCs). By comparison, early somatic and zygotic embryos showed similar morphology. ECs are round with a large nucleus, nucleoli, and many cytoplasmic organelles. In contrast, TCs and SCs are elongated and vacuolated with cellular dismantling which is associated with programmed cell death of SCs. Abundant starch grains were observed in the TCs and SCs, while proteins were more abundant in the ECs. Based on the results of this study, a fate map of SE development in A. angustifolia is, for the first time, proposed. Additionally, this study shows the cell biology of SE development of this primitive gymnosperm which may be useful in evolutionary studies in this area. © 2015, Springer-Verlag Wien.
format JOUR
author Steiner, N.
Farias-Soares, F.L.
Schmidt, É.C.
Pereira, M.L.T.
Scheid, B.
Rogge-Renner, G.D.
Bouzon, Z.L.
Schmidt, D.
Maldonado, S.
Guerra, M.P.
author_facet Steiner, N.
Farias-Soares, F.L.
Schmidt, É.C.
Pereira, M.L.T.
Scheid, B.
Rogge-Renner, G.D.
Bouzon, Z.L.
Schmidt, D.
Maldonado, S.
Guerra, M.P.
author_sort Steiner, N.
title Toward establishing a morphological and ultrastructural characterization of proembryogenic masses and early somatic embryos of Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze
title_short Toward establishing a morphological and ultrastructural characterization of proembryogenic masses and early somatic embryos of Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze
title_full Toward establishing a morphological and ultrastructural characterization of proembryogenic masses and early somatic embryos of Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze
title_fullStr Toward establishing a morphological and ultrastructural characterization of proembryogenic masses and early somatic embryos of Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze
title_full_unstemmed Toward establishing a morphological and ultrastructural characterization of proembryogenic masses and early somatic embryos of Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze
title_sort toward establishing a morphological and ultrastructural characterization of proembryogenic masses and early somatic embryos of araucaria angustifolia (bert.) o. kuntze
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_0033183X_v253_n2_p487_Steiner
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