Decision-making processes following damage to the prefrontal cortex
Recent work has suggested an association between the orbitofrontal cortex in humans and practical decision making. The aim of this study was to investigate the profile of cognitive deficits, with particular emphasis on decision-making processes, following damage to different sectors of the human pre...
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| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_00068950_v125_n3_p624_Manes |
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todo:paper_00068950_v125_n3_p624_Manes2023-10-03T14:05:17Z Decision-making processes following damage to the prefrontal cortex Manes, F. Sahakian, B. Clark, L. Rogers, R. Antoun, N. Aitken, M. Robbins, T. Decision making Executive function Orbitofrontal Prefrontal cortex Risk taking adult aged article brain function brain injury clinical article cognitive defect decision making female human male neuropsychological test neuroradiology prefrontal cortex priority journal recognition risk assessment stimulus response task performance wellbeing working memory Recent work has suggested an association between the orbitofrontal cortex in humans and practical decision making. The aim of this study was to investigate the profile of cognitive deficits, with particular emphasis on decision-making processes, following damage to different sectors of the human prefrontal cortex. Patients with discrete orbitofrontal (OBF) lesions, dorsolateral (DL) lesions, dorsomedial (DM) lesions and large frontal lesions (Large) were compared with matched controls on three different decision-making tasks: the Iowa Gambling Task and two recently developed tasks that attempt to fractionate some of the cognitive components of the Iowa task. A comprehensive battery including the assessment of recognition memory, working memory, planning ability and attentional set-shifting was also administered. Whilst combined frontal patients were impaired on several of the tasks employed, distinct profiles emerged for each patient group. In contrast to previous data, patients with focal OBF lesions performed at control levels on the three decision-making tasks (and the executive tasks), but showed some evidence of prolonged deliberation. DL patients showed pronounced impairment on working memory, planning, attentional shifting and the Iowa Gambling Task. DM patients were impaired at the Iowa Gambling Task and also at planning. The Large group displayed diffuse impairment, but were the only group to exhibit risky decision making. Methodological differences from previous studies of OBF patient groups are discussed, with particular attention to lesion laterality, lesion size and psychiatric presentation. Ventral and dorsal aspects of prefrontal cortex must interact in the maintenance of rational and 'non-risky' decision making. JOUR info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_00068950_v125_n3_p624_Manes |
| institution |
Universidad de Buenos Aires |
| institution_str |
I-28 |
| repository_str |
R-134 |
| collection |
Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) |
| topic |
Decision making Executive function Orbitofrontal Prefrontal cortex Risk taking adult aged article brain function brain injury clinical article cognitive defect decision making female human male neuropsychological test neuroradiology prefrontal cortex priority journal recognition risk assessment stimulus response task performance wellbeing working memory |
| spellingShingle |
Decision making Executive function Orbitofrontal Prefrontal cortex Risk taking adult aged article brain function brain injury clinical article cognitive defect decision making female human male neuropsychological test neuroradiology prefrontal cortex priority journal recognition risk assessment stimulus response task performance wellbeing working memory Manes, F. Sahakian, B. Clark, L. Rogers, R. Antoun, N. Aitken, M. Robbins, T. Decision-making processes following damage to the prefrontal cortex |
| topic_facet |
Decision making Executive function Orbitofrontal Prefrontal cortex Risk taking adult aged article brain function brain injury clinical article cognitive defect decision making female human male neuropsychological test neuroradiology prefrontal cortex priority journal recognition risk assessment stimulus response task performance wellbeing working memory |
| description |
Recent work has suggested an association between the orbitofrontal cortex in humans and practical decision making. The aim of this study was to investigate the profile of cognitive deficits, with particular emphasis on decision-making processes, following damage to different sectors of the human prefrontal cortex. Patients with discrete orbitofrontal (OBF) lesions, dorsolateral (DL) lesions, dorsomedial (DM) lesions and large frontal lesions (Large) were compared with matched controls on three different decision-making tasks: the Iowa Gambling Task and two recently developed tasks that attempt to fractionate some of the cognitive components of the Iowa task. A comprehensive battery including the assessment of recognition memory, working memory, planning ability and attentional set-shifting was also administered. Whilst combined frontal patients were impaired on several of the tasks employed, distinct profiles emerged for each patient group. In contrast to previous data, patients with focal OBF lesions performed at control levels on the three decision-making tasks (and the executive tasks), but showed some evidence of prolonged deliberation. DL patients showed pronounced impairment on working memory, planning, attentional shifting and the Iowa Gambling Task. DM patients were impaired at the Iowa Gambling Task and also at planning. The Large group displayed diffuse impairment, but were the only group to exhibit risky decision making. Methodological differences from previous studies of OBF patient groups are discussed, with particular attention to lesion laterality, lesion size and psychiatric presentation. Ventral and dorsal aspects of prefrontal cortex must interact in the maintenance of rational and 'non-risky' decision making. |
| format |
JOUR |
| author |
Manes, F. Sahakian, B. Clark, L. Rogers, R. Antoun, N. Aitken, M. Robbins, T. |
| author_facet |
Manes, F. Sahakian, B. Clark, L. Rogers, R. Antoun, N. Aitken, M. Robbins, T. |
| author_sort |
Manes, F. |
| title |
Decision-making processes following damage to the prefrontal cortex |
| title_short |
Decision-making processes following damage to the prefrontal cortex |
| title_full |
Decision-making processes following damage to the prefrontal cortex |
| title_fullStr |
Decision-making processes following damage to the prefrontal cortex |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Decision-making processes following damage to the prefrontal cortex |
| title_sort |
decision-making processes following damage to the prefrontal cortex |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_00068950_v125_n3_p624_Manes |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT manesf decisionmakingprocessesfollowingdamagetotheprefrontalcortex AT sahakianb decisionmakingprocessesfollowingdamagetotheprefrontalcortex AT clarkl decisionmakingprocessesfollowingdamagetotheprefrontalcortex AT rogersr decisionmakingprocessesfollowingdamagetotheprefrontalcortex AT antounn decisionmakingprocessesfollowingdamagetotheprefrontalcortex AT aitkenm decisionmakingprocessesfollowingdamagetotheprefrontalcortex AT robbinst decisionmakingprocessesfollowingdamagetotheprefrontalcortex |
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