Hydraulic redistribution in dwarf Rhizophora mangle trees driven by interstitial soil water salinity gradients: Impacts on hydraulic architecture and gas exchange
Rhizophora mangle L. trees of Biscayne National Park (Florida, USA) have two distinct growth forms: tall trees (5-10 m) growing along the coast and dwarf trees (1 m or less) growing in the adjacent inland zone. Sharp decreases in salinity and thus increases in soil water potential from surface soil...
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paper:paper_0829318X_v29_n5_p697_Hao2023-06-08T15:46:07Z Hydraulic redistribution in dwarf Rhizophora mangle trees driven by interstitial soil water salinity gradients: Impacts on hydraulic architecture and gas exchange Scholz, Fabián Gustavo Bucci, Sandra Janet Goldstein, Guillermo Hernan Hydraulic lift Mangrove Sap flow Water relations dicotyledon gas exchange growth form mangrove national park salinity sap flow soil water transpiration water relations Rhizophora mangle carbon dioxide water article histology metabolism osmosis physiology plant leaf plant root plant stem Rhizophoraceae soil transport at the cellular level xylem Biological Transport Carbon Dioxide Osmosis Plant Leaves Plant Roots Plant Stems Rhizophoraceae Soil Water Xylem Rhizophora mangle L. trees of Biscayne National Park (Florida, USA) have two distinct growth forms: tall trees (5-10 m) growing along the coast and dwarf trees (1 m or less) growing in the adjacent inland zone. Sharp decreases in salinity and thus increases in soil water potential from surface soil to about a depth of 1 m were found at the dwarf mangrove site but not at the tall mangrove site. Consistent with our prediction, hydraulic redistribution detected by reverse sap flow in shallow prop roots was observed during nighttime, early morning and late afternoon in dwarf trees, but not in tall trees. In addition, hydraulic redistribution was observed throughout the 24-h period during a low temperature spell. Dwarf trees had significantly lower sapwood-specific hydraulic conductivity, smaller stem vessel diameter, lower leaf area to sapwood area ratio (LA/SA), smaller leaf size and higher leaf mass per area. Leaves of dwarf trees had lower CO2 assimilation rate and lower stomatal conductance compared to tall trees. Leaf water potentials at midday were more negative in tall trees that are consistent with their substantially higher stomatal conductance and LA/SA. The substantially lower water transport efficiency and the more conservative water use of dwarf trees may be due to a combination of factors such as high salinity in the surface soil, particularly during dry periods, and substantial reverse sap flow in shallow roots that make upper soil layers with high salinity a competing sink of water to the transpiring leaves. There may also be a benefit for the dwarf trees in having hydraulic redistribution because the reverse flow and the release of water to upper soil layers should lead to dilution of the high salinity in the rhizosphere and thus relieve its potential harm to dwarf R. mangle trees. Fil:Scholz, F.G. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Bucci, S.J. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Goldstein, G. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. 2009 https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_0829318X_v29_n5_p697_Hao http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_0829318X_v29_n5_p697_Hao |
| institution |
Universidad de Buenos Aires |
| institution_str |
I-28 |
| repository_str |
R-134 |
| collection |
Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) |
| topic |
Hydraulic lift Mangrove Sap flow Water relations dicotyledon gas exchange growth form mangrove national park salinity sap flow soil water transpiration water relations Rhizophora mangle carbon dioxide water article histology metabolism osmosis physiology plant leaf plant root plant stem Rhizophoraceae soil transport at the cellular level xylem Biological Transport Carbon Dioxide Osmosis Plant Leaves Plant Roots Plant Stems Rhizophoraceae Soil Water Xylem |
| spellingShingle |
Hydraulic lift Mangrove Sap flow Water relations dicotyledon gas exchange growth form mangrove national park salinity sap flow soil water transpiration water relations Rhizophora mangle carbon dioxide water article histology metabolism osmosis physiology plant leaf plant root plant stem Rhizophoraceae soil transport at the cellular level xylem Biological Transport Carbon Dioxide Osmosis Plant Leaves Plant Roots Plant Stems Rhizophoraceae Soil Water Xylem Scholz, Fabián Gustavo Bucci, Sandra Janet Goldstein, Guillermo Hernan Hydraulic redistribution in dwarf Rhizophora mangle trees driven by interstitial soil water salinity gradients: Impacts on hydraulic architecture and gas exchange |
| topic_facet |
Hydraulic lift Mangrove Sap flow Water relations dicotyledon gas exchange growth form mangrove national park salinity sap flow soil water transpiration water relations Rhizophora mangle carbon dioxide water article histology metabolism osmosis physiology plant leaf plant root plant stem Rhizophoraceae soil transport at the cellular level xylem Biological Transport Carbon Dioxide Osmosis Plant Leaves Plant Roots Plant Stems Rhizophoraceae Soil Water Xylem |
| description |
Rhizophora mangle L. trees of Biscayne National Park (Florida, USA) have two distinct growth forms: tall trees (5-10 m) growing along the coast and dwarf trees (1 m or less) growing in the adjacent inland zone. Sharp decreases in salinity and thus increases in soil water potential from surface soil to about a depth of 1 m were found at the dwarf mangrove site but not at the tall mangrove site. Consistent with our prediction, hydraulic redistribution detected by reverse sap flow in shallow prop roots was observed during nighttime, early morning and late afternoon in dwarf trees, but not in tall trees. In addition, hydraulic redistribution was observed throughout the 24-h period during a low temperature spell. Dwarf trees had significantly lower sapwood-specific hydraulic conductivity, smaller stem vessel diameter, lower leaf area to sapwood area ratio (LA/SA), smaller leaf size and higher leaf mass per area. Leaves of dwarf trees had lower CO2 assimilation rate and lower stomatal conductance compared to tall trees. Leaf water potentials at midday were more negative in tall trees that are consistent with their substantially higher stomatal conductance and LA/SA. The substantially lower water transport efficiency and the more conservative water use of dwarf trees may be due to a combination of factors such as high salinity in the surface soil, particularly during dry periods, and substantial reverse sap flow in shallow roots that make upper soil layers with high salinity a competing sink of water to the transpiring leaves. There may also be a benefit for the dwarf trees in having hydraulic redistribution because the reverse flow and the release of water to upper soil layers should lead to dilution of the high salinity in the rhizosphere and thus relieve its potential harm to dwarf R. mangle trees. |
| author |
Scholz, Fabián Gustavo Bucci, Sandra Janet Goldstein, Guillermo Hernan |
| author_facet |
Scholz, Fabián Gustavo Bucci, Sandra Janet Goldstein, Guillermo Hernan |
| author_sort |
Scholz, Fabián Gustavo |
| title |
Hydraulic redistribution in dwarf Rhizophora mangle trees driven by interstitial soil water salinity gradients: Impacts on hydraulic architecture and gas exchange |
| title_short |
Hydraulic redistribution in dwarf Rhizophora mangle trees driven by interstitial soil water salinity gradients: Impacts on hydraulic architecture and gas exchange |
| title_full |
Hydraulic redistribution in dwarf Rhizophora mangle trees driven by interstitial soil water salinity gradients: Impacts on hydraulic architecture and gas exchange |
| title_fullStr |
Hydraulic redistribution in dwarf Rhizophora mangle trees driven by interstitial soil water salinity gradients: Impacts on hydraulic architecture and gas exchange |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Hydraulic redistribution in dwarf Rhizophora mangle trees driven by interstitial soil water salinity gradients: Impacts on hydraulic architecture and gas exchange |
| title_sort |
hydraulic redistribution in dwarf rhizophora mangle trees driven by interstitial soil water salinity gradients: impacts on hydraulic architecture and gas exchange |
| publishDate |
2009 |
| url |
https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_0829318X_v29_n5_p697_Hao http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_0829318X_v29_n5_p697_Hao |
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| _version_ |
1768543139393437696 |