Coactivation of motoneurons regulated by a network combining electrical and chemical synapses
Electrical transmission among neurons has been considered a mechanism to synchronize neuronal activity, and rectification provides a mechanism to confine the flow of signals among the connected neurons. The question is how this type of transmission operates within complex neuronal networks. In the l...
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2003
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| Acceso en línea: | https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_02706474_v23_n2_p682_Rela http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_02706474_v23_n2_p682_Rela |
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paper:paper_02706474_v23_n2_p682_Rela2023-06-08T15:24:44Z Coactivation of motoneurons regulated by a network combining electrical and chemical synapses Rela, Lorena Szczupak, Lidia Electrical rectification Gap junctions Leech Motor control Nonspiking Rectifying electrical synapses animal cell animal tissue article cell synchronization controlled study depolarization excitatory junction potential feedback system ganglion gap junction hyperpolarization interneuron leech membrane potential molecular mechanics motoneuron nerve cell network nerve conduction nerve cord neuromodulation neurotransmission nonhuman polysynaptic reflex priority journal signal transduction spike synapse Action Potentials Animals Electric Stimulation Feedback Ganglia, Invertebrate Gap Junctions Leeches Membrane Potentials Motor Neurons Nerve Net Neural Inhibition Neural Pathways Synapses Synaptic Transmission Electrical transmission among neurons has been considered a mechanism to synchronize neuronal activity, and rectification provides a mechanism to confine the flow of signals among the connected neurons. The question is how this type of transmission operates within complex neuronal networks. In the leech, the neurons located in position 151 of the midbody ganglion map are connected to virtually every motoneuron via rectifying electrical synapses that pass negative current to the motoneurons. These are nonspiking neurons, and here we have labeled them NS neurons. The goal of this investigation has been to assess their role in regulating motor activity and how rectifying electrical synapses contribute to the function of motor networks. The coupling between NS neurons and motoneurons was voltage sensitive: it increased as motoneurons were depolarized. In addition, excitation of motoneurons evoked hyperpolarizing synaptic responses in NS neurons, the amplitude of which depended on the membrane potential of the latter and on the motoneuron firing frequency. This hyperpolarization was mediated by chemical transmission through an interneuronal layer that spanned the nerve cord. These interactions established a feedback loop between NS and motoneurons that was regulated by the membrane potential of NS. This mechanism was responsible for the uncoupling between otherwise electrically coupled motoneurons. In this way, the NS neurons can act as "electrical neuromodulators," modifying the interaction of other neurons, depending on the activity of the system as a whole. Fil:Rela, L. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Szczupak, L. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. 2003 https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_02706474_v23_n2_p682_Rela http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_02706474_v23_n2_p682_Rela |
| institution |
Universidad de Buenos Aires |
| institution_str |
I-28 |
| repository_str |
R-134 |
| collection |
Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) |
| topic |
Electrical rectification Gap junctions Leech Motor control Nonspiking Rectifying electrical synapses animal cell animal tissue article cell synchronization controlled study depolarization excitatory junction potential feedback system ganglion gap junction hyperpolarization interneuron leech membrane potential molecular mechanics motoneuron nerve cell network nerve conduction nerve cord neuromodulation neurotransmission nonhuman polysynaptic reflex priority journal signal transduction spike synapse Action Potentials Animals Electric Stimulation Feedback Ganglia, Invertebrate Gap Junctions Leeches Membrane Potentials Motor Neurons Nerve Net Neural Inhibition Neural Pathways Synapses Synaptic Transmission |
| spellingShingle |
Electrical rectification Gap junctions Leech Motor control Nonspiking Rectifying electrical synapses animal cell animal tissue article cell synchronization controlled study depolarization excitatory junction potential feedback system ganglion gap junction hyperpolarization interneuron leech membrane potential molecular mechanics motoneuron nerve cell network nerve conduction nerve cord neuromodulation neurotransmission nonhuman polysynaptic reflex priority journal signal transduction spike synapse Action Potentials Animals Electric Stimulation Feedback Ganglia, Invertebrate Gap Junctions Leeches Membrane Potentials Motor Neurons Nerve Net Neural Inhibition Neural Pathways Synapses Synaptic Transmission Rela, Lorena Szczupak, Lidia Coactivation of motoneurons regulated by a network combining electrical and chemical synapses |
| topic_facet |
Electrical rectification Gap junctions Leech Motor control Nonspiking Rectifying electrical synapses animal cell animal tissue article cell synchronization controlled study depolarization excitatory junction potential feedback system ganglion gap junction hyperpolarization interneuron leech membrane potential molecular mechanics motoneuron nerve cell network nerve conduction nerve cord neuromodulation neurotransmission nonhuman polysynaptic reflex priority journal signal transduction spike synapse Action Potentials Animals Electric Stimulation Feedback Ganglia, Invertebrate Gap Junctions Leeches Membrane Potentials Motor Neurons Nerve Net Neural Inhibition Neural Pathways Synapses Synaptic Transmission |
| description |
Electrical transmission among neurons has been considered a mechanism to synchronize neuronal activity, and rectification provides a mechanism to confine the flow of signals among the connected neurons. The question is how this type of transmission operates within complex neuronal networks. In the leech, the neurons located in position 151 of the midbody ganglion map are connected to virtually every motoneuron via rectifying electrical synapses that pass negative current to the motoneurons. These are nonspiking neurons, and here we have labeled them NS neurons. The goal of this investigation has been to assess their role in regulating motor activity and how rectifying electrical synapses contribute to the function of motor networks. The coupling between NS neurons and motoneurons was voltage sensitive: it increased as motoneurons were depolarized. In addition, excitation of motoneurons evoked hyperpolarizing synaptic responses in NS neurons, the amplitude of which depended on the membrane potential of the latter and on the motoneuron firing frequency. This hyperpolarization was mediated by chemical transmission through an interneuronal layer that spanned the nerve cord. These interactions established a feedback loop between NS and motoneurons that was regulated by the membrane potential of NS. This mechanism was responsible for the uncoupling between otherwise electrically coupled motoneurons. In this way, the NS neurons can act as "electrical neuromodulators," modifying the interaction of other neurons, depending on the activity of the system as a whole. |
| author |
Rela, Lorena Szczupak, Lidia |
| author_facet |
Rela, Lorena Szczupak, Lidia |
| author_sort |
Rela, Lorena |
| title |
Coactivation of motoneurons regulated by a network combining electrical and chemical synapses |
| title_short |
Coactivation of motoneurons regulated by a network combining electrical and chemical synapses |
| title_full |
Coactivation of motoneurons regulated by a network combining electrical and chemical synapses |
| title_fullStr |
Coactivation of motoneurons regulated by a network combining electrical and chemical synapses |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Coactivation of motoneurons regulated by a network combining electrical and chemical synapses |
| title_sort |
coactivation of motoneurons regulated by a network combining electrical and chemical synapses |
| publishDate |
2003 |
| url |
https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_02706474_v23_n2_p682_Rela http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_02706474_v23_n2_p682_Rela |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT relalorena coactivationofmotoneuronsregulatedbyanetworkcombiningelectricalandchemicalsynapses AT szczupaklidia coactivationofmotoneuronsregulatedbyanetworkcombiningelectricalandchemicalsynapses |
| _version_ |
1768543992544231424 |