Contrast sensitivity test and conventional and high frequency audiometry: Information beyond that required to prescribe lenses and headsets

In Optometry and in Audiology, the routine tests to prescribe correction lenses and headsets are respectively the visual acuity test (the first chart with letters was developed by Snellen in 1862) and conventional pure tone audiometry (the first audiometer with electrical current was devised by Hart...

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Autores principales: Comastri, Silvia Ana Elba, Martin, Gabriel Norberto, Simon, Juan Miguel
Publicado: 2008
Acceso en línea:https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_0094243X_v992_n_p63_Comastri
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_0094243X_v992_n_p63_Comastri
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Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) de Universidad de Buenos Aires
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spelling paper:paper_0094243X_v992_n_p63_Comastri2023-06-08T15:09:27Z Contrast sensitivity test and conventional and high frequency audiometry: Information beyond that required to prescribe lenses and headsets Comastri, Silvia Ana Elba Martin, Gabriel Norberto Simon, Juan Miguel In Optometry and in Audiology, the routine tests to prescribe correction lenses and headsets are respectively the visual acuity test (the first chart with letters was developed by Snellen in 1862) and conventional pure tone audiometry (the first audiometer with electrical current was devised by Hartmann in 1878). At present there are psychophysical non invasive tests that, besides evaluating visual and auditory performance globally and even in cases catalogued as normal according to routine tests, supply early information regarding diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, renal failure, cardiovascular problems, etc. Concerning Optometry, one of these tests is the achromatic luminance contrast sensitivity test (introduced by Schade in 1956). Concerning Audiology, one of these tests is high frequency pure tone audiometry (introduced a few decades ago) which yields information relative to pathologies affecting the basal cochlea and complements data resulting from conventional audiometry. These utilities of the contrast sensitivity test and of pure tone audiometry derive from the facts that Fourier components constitute the basis to synthesize stimuli present at the entrance of the visual and auditory systems; that these systems responses depend on frequencies and that the patient's psychophysical state affects frequency processing. The frequency of interest in the former test is the effective spatial frequency (inverse of the angle subtended at the eye by a cycle of a sinusoidal grating and measured in cycles/degree) and, in the latter, the temporal frequency (measured in cycles/sec). Both tests have similar duration and consist in determining the patient's threshold (corresponding to the inverse multiplicative of the contrast or to the inverse additive of the sound intensity level) for each harmonic stimulus present at the system entrance (sinusoidal grating or pure tone sound). In this article the frequencies, standard normality curves and abnormal threshold shifts inherent to the contrast sensitivity test (which for simplicity could be termed "visionmetry") and to pure tone audiometry (also termed auditory sensitivity test) are analyzed with the purpose of contributing to divulge their ability to supply early information associated to pathologies not solely related to the visual and auditory systems respectively. © 2008 American Institute of Physics. Fil:Comastri, S.A. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Martin, G. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Simon, J.M. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. 2008 https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_0094243X_v992_n_p63_Comastri http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_0094243X_v992_n_p63_Comastri
institution Universidad de Buenos Aires
institution_str I-28
repository_str R-134
collection Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA)
description In Optometry and in Audiology, the routine tests to prescribe correction lenses and headsets are respectively the visual acuity test (the first chart with letters was developed by Snellen in 1862) and conventional pure tone audiometry (the first audiometer with electrical current was devised by Hartmann in 1878). At present there are psychophysical non invasive tests that, besides evaluating visual and auditory performance globally and even in cases catalogued as normal according to routine tests, supply early information regarding diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, renal failure, cardiovascular problems, etc. Concerning Optometry, one of these tests is the achromatic luminance contrast sensitivity test (introduced by Schade in 1956). Concerning Audiology, one of these tests is high frequency pure tone audiometry (introduced a few decades ago) which yields information relative to pathologies affecting the basal cochlea and complements data resulting from conventional audiometry. These utilities of the contrast sensitivity test and of pure tone audiometry derive from the facts that Fourier components constitute the basis to synthesize stimuli present at the entrance of the visual and auditory systems; that these systems responses depend on frequencies and that the patient's psychophysical state affects frequency processing. The frequency of interest in the former test is the effective spatial frequency (inverse of the angle subtended at the eye by a cycle of a sinusoidal grating and measured in cycles/degree) and, in the latter, the temporal frequency (measured in cycles/sec). Both tests have similar duration and consist in determining the patient's threshold (corresponding to the inverse multiplicative of the contrast or to the inverse additive of the sound intensity level) for each harmonic stimulus present at the system entrance (sinusoidal grating or pure tone sound). In this article the frequencies, standard normality curves and abnormal threshold shifts inherent to the contrast sensitivity test (which for simplicity could be termed "visionmetry") and to pure tone audiometry (also termed auditory sensitivity test) are analyzed with the purpose of contributing to divulge their ability to supply early information associated to pathologies not solely related to the visual and auditory systems respectively. © 2008 American Institute of Physics.
author Comastri, Silvia Ana Elba
Martin, Gabriel Norberto
Simon, Juan Miguel
spellingShingle Comastri, Silvia Ana Elba
Martin, Gabriel Norberto
Simon, Juan Miguel
Contrast sensitivity test and conventional and high frequency audiometry: Information beyond that required to prescribe lenses and headsets
author_facet Comastri, Silvia Ana Elba
Martin, Gabriel Norberto
Simon, Juan Miguel
author_sort Comastri, Silvia Ana Elba
title Contrast sensitivity test and conventional and high frequency audiometry: Information beyond that required to prescribe lenses and headsets
title_short Contrast sensitivity test and conventional and high frequency audiometry: Information beyond that required to prescribe lenses and headsets
title_full Contrast sensitivity test and conventional and high frequency audiometry: Information beyond that required to prescribe lenses and headsets
title_fullStr Contrast sensitivity test and conventional and high frequency audiometry: Information beyond that required to prescribe lenses and headsets
title_full_unstemmed Contrast sensitivity test and conventional and high frequency audiometry: Information beyond that required to prescribe lenses and headsets
title_sort contrast sensitivity test and conventional and high frequency audiometry: information beyond that required to prescribe lenses and headsets
publishDate 2008
url https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_0094243X_v992_n_p63_Comastri
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_0094243X_v992_n_p63_Comastri
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AT simonjuanmiguel contrastsensitivitytestandconventionalandhighfrequencyaudiometryinformationbeyondthatrequiredtoprescribelensesandheadsets
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