Relationship between the background of spread bovine cervical-vaginal mucus characteristics and uterine sanitary status

The objective of this study was to determine whether there is an association between the type of cervical-vaginal mucus (MCV), the characteristics of the smear background, and uterine health status. A total of 146 Holando Argentino cows were classified into three groups based on gynaecological exami...

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Autores principales: Savia, C. L., Algañaraz, A. C., Roca, M. A., Tobin, M., Rinaudo, A., Guibert, E. E.
Formato: Artículo revista
Lenguaje:Español
Publicado: Universidad Nacional del Nordeste 2025
Materias:
cervical-vaginal mucus
uterine health
cows
endometritis
spread
moco cérvico-vaginal
salud uterina
bovinos
extendido
Acceso en línea:https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/8083
Aporte de:
Revistas UNNE - Universidad Nacional del Noroeste (UNNE) de Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
id I48-R154-article-8083
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institution Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
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repository_str R-154
container_title_str Revistas UNNE - Universidad Nacional del Noroeste (UNNE)
language Español
format Artículo revista
topic cervical-vaginal mucus
uterine health
cows
endometritis
spread
moco cérvico-vaginal
salud uterina
bovinos
endometritis
extendido
spellingShingle cervical-vaginal mucus
uterine health
cows
endometritis
spread
moco cérvico-vaginal
salud uterina
bovinos
endometritis
extendido
Savia, C. L.
Algañaraz, A. C.
Roca, M. A.
Tobin, M.
Rinaudo, A.
Guibert, E. E.
Relationship between the background of spread bovine cervical-vaginal mucus characteristics and uterine sanitary status
topic_facet cervical-vaginal mucus
uterine health
cows
endometritis
spread
moco cérvico-vaginal
salud uterina
bovinos
endometritis
extendido
author Savia, C. L.
Algañaraz, A. C.
Roca, M. A.
Tobin, M.
Rinaudo, A.
Guibert, E. E.
author_facet Savia, C. L.
Algañaraz, A. C.
Roca, M. A.
Tobin, M.
Rinaudo, A.
Guibert, E. E.
author_sort Savia, C. L.
title Relationship between the background of spread bovine cervical-vaginal mucus characteristics and uterine sanitary status
title_short Relationship between the background of spread bovine cervical-vaginal mucus characteristics and uterine sanitary status
title_full Relationship between the background of spread bovine cervical-vaginal mucus characteristics and uterine sanitary status
title_fullStr Relationship between the background of spread bovine cervical-vaginal mucus characteristics and uterine sanitary status
title_full_unstemmed Relationship between the background of spread bovine cervical-vaginal mucus characteristics and uterine sanitary status
title_sort relationship between the background of spread bovine cervical-vaginal mucus characteristics and uterine sanitary status
description The objective of this study was to determine whether there is an association between the type of cervical-vaginal mucus (MCV), the characteristics of the smear background, and uterine health status. A total of 146 Holando Argentino cows were classified into three groups based on gynaecological examination and cytobrush results: clinical endometritis (EC), subclinical endometritis (ES), and healthy uterine status (S). For smear background analysis, a drop of MCV was placed on a slide, allowed to dry until crystallization, and observed under an optical microscope. The background was classified as clean (L) or dirty (SU) based on the presence or absence of debris, epithelial cells, and inflammatory cells. Normal flow was categorized as transparent or cloudy. Data were statistically analyzed using GraphPad® Prism 5 software. Parametric and non-parametric tests were applied, along with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and likelihood ratio. In the healthy group, 85% of the samples showed a clean background and 15% a dirty background. In the ES group, 42% had a clean background and 58% a dirty background, while in the EC group, 7% exhibited a clean background and 93% a dirty background. The smear background reading test, applied as a diagnostic technique, demonstrated high specificity (93%) and sensitivity (85%) for EC, and high specificity (85%) but low sensitivity (58%) for ES. An association was found between smear background types and uterine status, with dirty backgrounds correlating with MCV samples from cows with endometritis and a higher percentage of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in endometrial cytology samples. Transparent discharge was associated with a clean smear background, while cloudy discharge was linked to a dirty background. In conclusion, MCV smear background reading is a rapid, simple, and cost-effective technique that could be used in the field to assess uterine health in female cattle.
publisher Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
publishDate 2025
url https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/8083
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spelling I48-R154-article-80832025-02-12T21:58:28Z Relationship between the background of spread bovine cervical-vaginal mucus characteristics and uterine sanitary status Relación entre las características del fondo de extendido de moco cérvico-vaginal bovino y el estatus sanitario uterino Savia, C. L. Algañaraz, A. C. Roca, M. A. Tobin, M. Rinaudo, A. Guibert, E. E. cervical-vaginal mucus uterine health cows endometritis spread moco cérvico-vaginal salud uterina bovinos endometritis extendido The objective of this study was to determine whether there is an association between the type of cervical-vaginal mucus (MCV), the characteristics of the smear background, and uterine health status. A total of 146 Holando Argentino cows were classified into three groups based on gynaecological examination and cytobrush results: clinical endometritis (EC), subclinical endometritis (ES), and healthy uterine status (S). For smear background analysis, a drop of MCV was placed on a slide, allowed to dry until crystallization, and observed under an optical microscope. The background was classified as clean (L) or dirty (SU) based on the presence or absence of debris, epithelial cells, and inflammatory cells. Normal flow was categorized as transparent or cloudy. Data were statistically analyzed using GraphPad® Prism 5 software. Parametric and non-parametric tests were applied, along with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and likelihood ratio. In the healthy group, 85% of the samples showed a clean background and 15% a dirty background. In the ES group, 42% had a clean background and 58% a dirty background, while in the EC group, 7% exhibited a clean background and 93% a dirty background. The smear background reading test, applied as a diagnostic technique, demonstrated high specificity (93%) and sensitivity (85%) for EC, and high specificity (85%) but low sensitivity (58%) for ES. An association was found between smear background types and uterine status, with dirty backgrounds correlating with MCV samples from cows with endometritis and a higher percentage of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in endometrial cytology samples. Transparent discharge was associated with a clean smear background, while cloudy discharge was linked to a dirty background. In conclusion, MCV smear background reading is a rapid, simple, and cost-effective technique that could be used in the field to assess uterine health in female cattle. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar si existe asociación entre el tipo de flujo, las características del fondo de los extendidos de moco cérvico-vaginal (MCV) y el estatus sanitario uterino. Se utilizaron 146 vacas Holando Argentino que se clasificaron en tres grupos, según examen ginecológico y lectura de cytobrush: grupo con endometritis clínica (EC), grupo con endometritis subclínica (ES) y grupo con estatus uterino sano (S). Para la lectura del fondo se colocó una gota de MCV sobre un portaobjetos, se dejó secar hasta que cristalizó y se observó a microscopio óptico. El fondo se clasificó en sucio (Su) o limpio (L) según la presencia o ausencia de detritus, células epiteliales e inflamatorias. El tipo de flujo normal se clasificó en transparente o turbio. Para el análisis estadístico de los datos se utilizó el software GraphPad® Prism5. Se aplicaron pruebas estadísticas paramétricas y no paramétricas, prueba de sensibilidad, prueba de especificidad, valor predictivo positivo, valor predictivo negativo y razón de verosimilitud. En el grupo sano el 85% de la lectura fue fondo tipo limpio y un 15% Su, grupo ES el 42% fondo limpio y 58% sucio, en el grupo EC 7% fondo tipo limpio y 93% sucio. La aplicación de la prueba de lectura de fondo de extendido como técnica diagnóstica presentó alta especificidad (93%) y sensibilidad (85%) para EC y alta especificidad (85%), baja sensibilidad (58%) para ES. Se encontró asociación entre los tipos de fondo y el estatus uterino, ya que el fondo sucio se asoció a muestras de MCV de vacas con endometritis y a un mayor porcentaje de polimorfonucleares neutrófilos en muestras de citologías endometrial. El flujo transparente se asoció con fondo limpio de extendido y el turbio con fondo sucio. En conclusión, la lectura del fondo de extendido de MCV es una técnica rápida, sencilla y económica que podría utilizarse a campo para evaluar las características de la salud uterina de la hembra. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste 2025-02-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/8083 10.30972/vet.3618083 Revista Veterinaria; Vol. 36 Núm. 1 (2025); 1-10 1669-6840 1668-4834 spa https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/8083/7617 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

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