Insect resistance to transgenic crops with insecticidal properties. Theory, state of the art and challenges for Argentina
Bt crops exert high selective pressure on target pests. To mitigate resistance evolution the High-Dose/Refuge strategy (HDRS) requires: a) toxin expression in plant sufficiently high to render resistance alleles recessive; b) low initial frequency of the resistance allele; c) spatial refuges of non...
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Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias.
2014
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| Acceso en línea: | https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/agris/article/view/16538 |
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I10-R10-article-165382020-02-27T15:43:10Z Insect resistance to transgenic crops with insecticidal properties. Theory, state of the art and challenges for Argentina Resistencia de insectos a cultivos transgénicos con propiedades insecticidas. Teoría, estado del arte y desafíos para la República Argentina Trumper, E.V. Bt crops agricultural pests resistance inheritance insect resistance management cultivos Bt plagas agrícolas resistencia herencia manejo de resistencia de insectos Bt crops exert high selective pressure on target pests. To mitigate resistance evolution the High-Dose/Refuge strategy (HDRS) requires: a) toxin expression in plant sufficiently high to render resistance alleles recessive; b) low initial frequency of the resistance allele; c) spatial refuges of non Bt crops. Gene pyramiding, the combination of two or more toxins in a transgenic plant, is proposed to reinforce the HDRS under the assumption of toxins having different binding sites to reduce the likelihood of cross-resistance. A recent review supports the strengths of the HDRS in delaying evolution of resistance. Failure to comply one or more of the requirements of the HDRS explains the few cases of confirmed field-evolved resistance. In San Luis, Argentina, significant damage by Diatraea saccharalis was detected in some Bt maize hybrids. Hypotheses to explain these high levels of crop damage, include low level of refuge compliance, dominance of a resistance allele, and low toxin expression. The low level of refuge adoption triggers discussions about the opportunity of promoting seed mixture refuges. A case by case approach is advocated to tailor IRM strategies according to the specific knowledge about the ecology of each pest. Los cultivos Bt ejercen alta presión de selección sobre las plagas blanco. Para mitigar la evolución de resistencia, la estrategia Alta Dosis-Refugio (AD-R) requiere: a) una concentración de toxina en la planta suficientemente elevada para provocar que los alelos resistentes sean funcionalmente recesivos; b) baja frecuencia inicial del alelo resistente; c) refugios con plantas no-Bt. Para reforzar la estrategia AD-R, se propone la acumulación de dos o más toxinas en una planta (genes “piramidados”), bajo el supuesto de que estas tienen sitios de acción diferentes, a fin de minimizar el riesgo de resistencia cruzada. Una reciente revisión respalda las fortalezas de la estrategia AD-R en la demora de la evolución de resistencia. El incumplimiento de uno o más componentes de esta estrategia explica los pocos casos de resistencia confirmados. En San Luis, Argentina, se detectaron importantes daños de Diatraea saccharalis en híbridos de maíz Bt. Entre las hipótesis para explicar estos daños, se incluyen dominancia del alelo resistente, baja concentración de toxina y bajo nivel de adopción de refugios. Esto último motiva discusiones sobre la conveniencia de implementar refugios integrados. Se recomienda un abordaje caso por caso para diseñar estrategias de manejo de resistencia de acuerdo a cada plaga. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. 2014-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/agris/article/view/16538 AgriScientia; Vol. 31 No. 2 (2014); 109-126 AgriScientia; Vol. 31 Núm. 2 (2014); 109-126 1668-298X 10.31047/1668.298x.v31.n2 spa https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/agris/article/view/16538/16351 |
| institution |
Universidad Nacional de Córdoba |
| institution_str |
I-10 |
| repository_str |
R-10 |
| container_title_str |
Revistas de la UNC |
| language |
Español |
| format |
Artículo revista |
| topic |
Bt crops agricultural pests resistance inheritance insect resistance management cultivos Bt plagas agrícolas resistencia herencia manejo de resistencia de insectos |
| spellingShingle |
Bt crops agricultural pests resistance inheritance insect resistance management cultivos Bt plagas agrícolas resistencia herencia manejo de resistencia de insectos Trumper, E.V. Insect resistance to transgenic crops with insecticidal properties. Theory, state of the art and challenges for Argentina |
| topic_facet |
Bt crops agricultural pests resistance inheritance insect resistance management cultivos Bt plagas agrícolas resistencia herencia manejo de resistencia de insectos |
| author |
Trumper, E.V. |
| author_facet |
Trumper, E.V. |
| author_sort |
Trumper, E.V. |
| title |
Insect resistance to transgenic crops with insecticidal properties. Theory, state of the art and challenges for Argentina |
| title_short |
Insect resistance to transgenic crops with insecticidal properties. Theory, state of the art and challenges for Argentina |
| title_full |
Insect resistance to transgenic crops with insecticidal properties. Theory, state of the art and challenges for Argentina |
| title_fullStr |
Insect resistance to transgenic crops with insecticidal properties. Theory, state of the art and challenges for Argentina |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Insect resistance to transgenic crops with insecticidal properties. Theory, state of the art and challenges for Argentina |
| title_sort |
insect resistance to transgenic crops with insecticidal properties. theory, state of the art and challenges for argentina |
| description |
Bt crops exert high selective pressure on target pests. To mitigate resistance evolution the High-Dose/Refuge strategy (HDRS) requires: a) toxin expression in plant sufficiently high to render resistance alleles recessive; b) low initial frequency of the resistance allele; c) spatial refuges of non Bt crops. Gene pyramiding, the combination of two or more toxins in a transgenic plant, is proposed to reinforce the HDRS under the assumption of toxins having different binding sites to reduce the likelihood of cross-resistance. A recent review supports the strengths of the HDRS in delaying evolution of resistance. Failure to comply one or more of the requirements of the HDRS explains the few cases of confirmed field-evolved resistance. In San Luis, Argentina, significant damage by Diatraea saccharalis was detected in some Bt maize hybrids. Hypotheses to explain these high levels of crop damage, include low level of refuge compliance, dominance of a resistance allele, and low toxin expression. The low level of refuge adoption triggers discussions about the opportunity of promoting seed mixture refuges. A case by case approach is advocated to tailor IRM strategies according to the specific knowledge about the ecology of each pest. |
| publisher |
Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/agris/article/view/16538 |
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2022-08-20T01:01:28Z |
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2022-08-20T01:01:28Z |
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