Nutrient addition shifts plant community composition towards earlier flowering species in some prairie ecoregions in the U.S. Central Plains

The distribution of flowering across the growing season is governed by each species' evolutionary history and climatic variability. However, global change factors, such as eutrophication and invasion, can alter plant community composition and thus change the distribution of flowering across the...

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Otros Autores: Biederman, Lori, Mortensen, Brent, Fay, Philip A., Hagenah, Nicole, Knops, Johannes, Laungani, Ramesh, La Pierre, Kimberly, Tognetti, Pedro Maximiliano
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Acceso en línea:http://ri.agro.uba.ar/files/download/articulo/2017biederman.pdf
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024 |a 10.1371/journal.pone.0178440 
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245 1 0 |a Nutrient addition shifts plant community composition towards earlier flowering species in some prairie ecoregions in the U.S. Central Plains 
520 |a The distribution of flowering across the growing season is governed by each species' evolutionary history and climatic variability. However, global change factors, such as eutrophication and invasion, can alter plant community composition and thus change the distribution of flowering across the growing season. We examined three ecoregions (tall-, mixed, and short-grass prairie) across the U.S. Central Plains to determine how nutrient (nitrogen (N), phosphorus, and potassium (+micronutrient)) addition alters the temporal patterns of plant flowering traits. We calculated total community flowering potential (FP) by distributing peakseason plant cover values across the growing season, allocating each species' cover to only those months in which it typically flowers. We also generated separate FP profiles for exotic and native species and functional group. We compared the ability of the added nutrients to shift the distribution of these FP profiles (total and sub-groups) across the growing season. In all ecoregions, N increased the relative cover of both exotic species and C3 graminoids that flower in May through August. The cover of C4 graminoids decreased with added N, but the response varied by ecoregion and month. However, these functional changes only aggregated to shift the entire community's FP profile in the tall-grass prairie, where the relative cover of plants expected to flower in May and June increased and those that flower in September and October decreased with added N. The relatively low native cover in May and June may leave this ecoregion vulnerable to disturbance induced invasion by exotic species that occupy this temporal niche. There was no change in the FP profile of the mixed and short-grass prairies with N addition as increased abundance of exotic species and C3 graminoids replaced other species that flower at the same time. In these communities a disturbance other than nutrient addition may be required to disrupt phenological patterns. 
653 |a NITROGEN 
653 |a PHOSPHORUS 
653 |a POTASSIUM 
653 |a TRACE ELEMENT 
653 |a EXOTIC SPECIES 
653 |a FLOWER 
653 |a FLOWERING 
653 |a FLOWERING POTENTIAL 
653 |a NUTRIENT 
653 |a PLANT COMMUNITY 
653 |a PLANT PARAMETERS 
653 |a PRAIRIE 
653 |a SEASONAL VARIATION 
653 |a SPECIES COMPOSITION 
653 |a UNITED STATES 
653 |a ECOSYSTEM 
653 |a PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 
700 1 |a Biederman, Lori  |u Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America. E - mail: lbied@iastate.edu  |9 67338 
700 1 |a Mortensen, Brent  |u Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America  |9 67340 
700 1 |a Fay, Philip A.  |u USDA-ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Lab, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Temple, Texas, United States of America  |9 67292 
700 1 |a Hagenah, Nicole  |u School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa  |9 67341 
700 1 |a Knops, Johannes  |u School of Biological Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America  |9 67342 
700 1 |a Laungani, Ramesh  |u Department of Biology, Doane University, Crete, Nebraska, United States of America  |9 67343 
700 1 |a La Pierre, Kimberly  |u Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America  |9 67344 
700 1 |9 12692  |a Tognetti, Pedro Maximiliano  |u IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, Argentina 
773 0 |t Plos One  |g Vol.12, no.5 (2017), e0178440, 15 p., tbls., grafs. 
856 |f 2017biederman  |i en internet  |q application/pdf  |u http://ri.agro.uba.ar/files/download/articulo/2017biederman.pdf  |x ARTI201806 
856 |z LINK AL EDITOR  |u http://www.journals.plos.org 
942 0 0 |c ARTICULO 
942 |c ENLINEA 
976 |a AAG