REM sleep 6 Arousal 4 gamma rhythm 4 human 4 nonhuman 4 pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus 4 preconscious awareness 4 sleep waking cycle 4 slow wave sleep 4 wakefulness 4 4 aminobutyric acid 2 Animals 2 Article 2 Bipolar disorder 2 Ca 2+ channels 2 Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II 2 Cocaine 2 Connexin 36 2 Cyclic adenosine monophosphate 2 Dopamine 2 GABAergic system 2 Humans 2 Leptin 2 Modafinil 2 N- and P/Q-type calcium channels 2 N-and P/Q-type calcium channels 2 NCS-1 2 Neuronal calcium sensor 2 Preconscious awareness 2 Review 2