altitude 6 article 6 natural population 6 natural selection 6 nonhuman 6 pericentric chromosome inversion 6 Animals 4 Chromosome Mapping 4 Grasshoppers 4 Insecta 4 Karyotyping 4 Linkage Disequilibrium 4 Male 4 Orthoptera 4 Phenotype 4 Polymorphism, Genetic 4 Regression Analysis 4 Time Factors 4 Trimerotropis 4 Trimerotropis pallidipennis 4 age 4 chromosome pairing 4 controlled study 4 gamete 4 gene frequency 4 gene rearrangement 4 genetic polymorphism 4 grasshopper 4 karyotype 4 latitude 4