Free base porphyrins 6 Porphyrins 6 Elevated temperature 4 Ions 4 Metalations 4 Zinc 4 metalation 4 Acidic conditions 2 Atoms 2 Au(111) surfaces 2 Carboxylate groups 2 Carboxylation 2 Chemical reactions 2 Covalent anchoring 2 Exposed to 2 Hydroxyl groups 2 Ion exchange 2 Liquids 2 Lower temperatures 2 Metal atoms 2 Metal centers 2 Metals 2 Molecules 2 Most likely 2 Oxide minerals 2 Phase interfaces 2 Rapid reactions 2 Rutile TiO2 2 Solid-liquid interfaces 2 Solutions 2