Ultrashort pulses Grazing incidence 12 Ionization 12 Laser pulses 12 Band structure 10 Distorted waves 10 Metal surfaces 10 Photons 10 Emission spectroscopy 8 Photo-electron emission 8 Photoelectrons 8 Schrodinger equation 8 Electron emission 6 Nonlinear equations 6 Numerical solution 6 Photoelectron spectroscopy 6 Pulsed laser applications 6 Time dependent Schrodinger equation 6 Aberrations 4 Atoms 4 Band-structure-based models 4 Condensed matter physics 4 Dinger equation 4 Electric fields 4 Energy dissipation 4 Fluorescence 4 Fourier transforms 4 Imaging systems 4 Ionization probabilities 4 Lasers 4