The complex evolutionary history of the tympanic middle ear in frogs and toads (Anura)
Most anurans possess a tympanic middle ear (TME) that transmits sound waves to the inner ear; however, numerous species lack some or all TME components. To understand the evolution of these structures, we undertook a comprehensive assessment of their occurrence across anurans and performed ancestral...
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todo:paper_20452322_v6_n_p_Pereyra2023-10-03T16:38:15Z The complex evolutionary history of the tympanic middle ear in frogs and toads (Anura) Pereyra, M.O. Womack, M.C. Barrionuevo, J.S. Blotto, B.L. Baldo, D. Targino, M. Ospina-Sarria, J.J. Guayasamin, J.M. Coloma, L.A. Hoke, K.L. Grant, T. Faivovich, J. animal experiment Bufonidae cladistics gene loss genetic model middle ear morphogenesis nonhuman plesiomorphy radiation sound species Most anurans possess a tympanic middle ear (TME) that transmits sound waves to the inner ear; however, numerous species lack some or all TME components. To understand the evolution of these structures, we undertook a comprehensive assessment of their occurrence across anurans and performed ancestral character state reconstructions. Our analysis indicates that the TME was completely lost at least 38 independent times in Anura. The inferred evolutionary history of the TME is exceptionally complex in true toads (Bufonidae), where it was lost in the most recent common ancestor, preceding a radiation of >150 earless species. Following that initial loss, independent regains of some or all TME structures were inferred within two minor clades and in a radiation of >400 species. The reappearance of the TME in the latter clade was followed by at least 10 losses of the entire TME. The many losses and gains of the TME in anurans is unparalleled among tetrapods. Our results show that anurans, and especially bufonid toads, are an excellent model to study the behavioural correlates of earlessness, extratympanic sound pathways, and the genetic and developmental mechanisms that underlie the morphogenesis of TME structures. © The Author(s) 2016. Fil:Pereyra, M.O. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Faivovich, J. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. JOUR info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_20452322_v6_n_p_Pereyra |
| institution |
Universidad de Buenos Aires |
| institution_str |
I-28 |
| repository_str |
R-134 |
| collection |
Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) |
| topic |
animal experiment Bufonidae cladistics gene loss genetic model middle ear morphogenesis nonhuman plesiomorphy radiation sound species |
| spellingShingle |
animal experiment Bufonidae cladistics gene loss genetic model middle ear morphogenesis nonhuman plesiomorphy radiation sound species Pereyra, M.O. Womack, M.C. Barrionuevo, J.S. Blotto, B.L. Baldo, D. Targino, M. Ospina-Sarria, J.J. Guayasamin, J.M. Coloma, L.A. Hoke, K.L. Grant, T. Faivovich, J. The complex evolutionary history of the tympanic middle ear in frogs and toads (Anura) |
| topic_facet |
animal experiment Bufonidae cladistics gene loss genetic model middle ear morphogenesis nonhuman plesiomorphy radiation sound species |
| description |
Most anurans possess a tympanic middle ear (TME) that transmits sound waves to the inner ear; however, numerous species lack some or all TME components. To understand the evolution of these structures, we undertook a comprehensive assessment of their occurrence across anurans and performed ancestral character state reconstructions. Our analysis indicates that the TME was completely lost at least 38 independent times in Anura. The inferred evolutionary history of the TME is exceptionally complex in true toads (Bufonidae), where it was lost in the most recent common ancestor, preceding a radiation of >150 earless species. Following that initial loss, independent regains of some or all TME structures were inferred within two minor clades and in a radiation of >400 species. The reappearance of the TME in the latter clade was followed by at least 10 losses of the entire TME. The many losses and gains of the TME in anurans is unparalleled among tetrapods. Our results show that anurans, and especially bufonid toads, are an excellent model to study the behavioural correlates of earlessness, extratympanic sound pathways, and the genetic and developmental mechanisms that underlie the morphogenesis of TME structures. © The Author(s) 2016. |
| format |
JOUR |
| author |
Pereyra, M.O. Womack, M.C. Barrionuevo, J.S. Blotto, B.L. Baldo, D. Targino, M. Ospina-Sarria, J.J. Guayasamin, J.M. Coloma, L.A. Hoke, K.L. Grant, T. Faivovich, J. |
| author_facet |
Pereyra, M.O. Womack, M.C. Barrionuevo, J.S. Blotto, B.L. Baldo, D. Targino, M. Ospina-Sarria, J.J. Guayasamin, J.M. Coloma, L.A. Hoke, K.L. Grant, T. Faivovich, J. |
| author_sort |
Pereyra, M.O. |
| title |
The complex evolutionary history of the tympanic middle ear in frogs and toads (Anura) |
| title_short |
The complex evolutionary history of the tympanic middle ear in frogs and toads (Anura) |
| title_full |
The complex evolutionary history of the tympanic middle ear in frogs and toads (Anura) |
| title_fullStr |
The complex evolutionary history of the tympanic middle ear in frogs and toads (Anura) |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The complex evolutionary history of the tympanic middle ear in frogs and toads (Anura) |
| title_sort |
complex evolutionary history of the tympanic middle ear in frogs and toads (anura) |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_20452322_v6_n_p_Pereyra |
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