Control of infection of tomato fruits by Alternaria and mycotoxin production using plant extracts

Tomato fruits are susceptible to infection by Alternaria species. In addition, Alternaria species may contaminate the fruits with mycotoxins. There is thus interest in control systems to minimise pathogenicity and control toxin production. The objectives of this study were to examine the effect of p...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: da Cruz Cabral, L., Fernández Pinto, V., Patriarca, A.
Formato: JOUR
Materias:
Alternariols
Antifungal
Calendula officinalis
Eucalyptus globulus
Tenuazonic acid
aggression
bioassay
biocontrol agent
biological control
chloroform
crop plant
ethanol
evergreen tree
fruit
fungal disease
fungus
growth
herb
inhibition
pathogenicity
plant extract
toxin
Alternaria
Alternaria alternata
Alternaria arborescens
Lycopersicon esculentum
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_09291873_v145_n2_p363_daCruzCabral
Aporte de:
Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) de Universidad de Buenos Aires
Descripción
Sumario:Tomato fruits are susceptible to infection by Alternaria species. In addition, Alternaria species may contaminate the fruits with mycotoxins. There is thus interest in control systems to minimise pathogenicity and control toxin production. The objectives of this study were to examine the effect of plant extracts of Eucalyptus globulus and Calendula officinalis on the growth of strains of Alternaria alternata and A. arborescens, on pathogenicity of tomato fruits and mycotoxin production. The growth bioassays showed that the ethanolic and chloroformic fractions of E. globulus were the most effective in reducing growth of A. alternata (66–74 %) and A. arborescens (86–88 %), respectively at 2500 μg/g. The effects of plant extracts on mycotoxin biosynthesis were variable and strain dependent. The most effective fractions in decreasing mycotoxin accumulation were the ethanolic and chloroformic extracts of E. globulus, which reduced tenuazonic acid by 89 %, alternariol by 75–94 % and almost complete inhibition of alternariol monomethyl ether. All the tested fractions reduced percentage of infected tomato fruits when compared to the controls. The ethanolic and chloroformic fractions of E. globulus completely inhibited growth of A. alternata and A. arborescens on unwounded fruits and reduced the aggressiveness on wounded fruits of strains of both species significantly. © 2016, Koninklijke Nederlandse Planteziektenkundige Vereniging.

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