Viruses: As mediators in “Élan vital” of the “creative” evolution

The understanding of the processes occurring in Nature has been a continuing concern throughout the history of mankind. Intellectual tools employed towards this goal were specific for each period and have been largely based on the prevailing paradigms that reigned in the past. In this work we presen...

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Autores principales:	Artuso, María Carolina, Scolaro, Luis Alberto, Carlucci, María Josefina
Publicado:	2016
Materias:	Carrageenans Evolution Herpes simplex virus Horizontal gene transfer Sulfated polysaccharides Viruses aciclovir carrageenan DNA polymerase foscarnet heparin natural product polysaccharide sulfate thymidine kinase polysaccharide sulfate antiviral resistance antiviral susceptibility coevolution DNA polymerase gene DNA virus evolution gene mutation gene structure herpes virus infection human immune evasion nonhuman priority journal red alga Review seaweed thymidine kinase gene virus virus cell interaction virus entry virus envelope virus gene virus genome virus isolation virus replication virus virulence animal horizontal gene transfer life molecular evolution mouse Simplexvirus Animals Evolution, Molecular Gene Transfer, Horizontal Life Mice Polysaccharides Sulfates
Acceso en línea:	https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_15671348_v46_n_p78_Artuso http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_15671348_v46_n_p78_Artuso
Aporte de:	Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) de Universidad de Buenos Aires

id	paper:paper_15671348_v46_n_p78_Artuso
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spelling	paper:paper_15671348_v46_n_p78_Artuso2023-06-08T16:23:59Z Viruses: As mediators in “Élan vital” of the “creative” evolution Artuso, María Carolina Scolaro, Luis Alberto Carlucci, María Josefina Carrageenans Evolution Herpes simplex virus Horizontal gene transfer Sulfated polysaccharides Viruses aciclovir carrageenan DNA polymerase foscarnet heparin natural product polysaccharide sulfate thymidine kinase polysaccharide sulfate antiviral resistance antiviral susceptibility coevolution DNA polymerase gene DNA virus evolution gene mutation gene structure Herpes simplex virus herpes virus infection human immune evasion nonhuman priority journal red alga Review seaweed thymidine kinase gene virus virus cell interaction virus entry virus envelope virus gene virus genome virus isolation virus replication virus virulence animal horizontal gene transfer life molecular evolution mouse Simplexvirus Animals Evolution, Molecular Gene Transfer, Horizontal Life Mice Polysaccharides Simplexvirus Sulfates Viruses The understanding of the processes occurring in Nature has been a continuing concern throughout the history of mankind. Intellectual tools employed towards this goal were specific for each period and have been largely based on the prevailing paradigms that reigned in the past. In this work we present evidence that supports the idea of viruses as key agents mediating natural processes linked to the evolution of organisms, particularly those involved in the flux of genes in the environment. This point of view tinges our perception of Nature and prompts us to include “viral” creativity and plasticity among the tools we employ to analyze those processes far beyond actual paradigms. Experimental data to support this proposal arose during the study of the interaction of the human pathogen, herpes simplex virus (HSV) with sulfated polysaccharides during multiplication of the virus in vitro. Sulfated polysaccharides are the main chemical structures found in carrageenans (CGNs) that are natural products obtained from seaweeds, which proved to be strong inhibitors for the virus. Here we describe the interaction between virus and CGNs as a suitable scenario for the emergence of viral variants which proved to be markedly attenuated for mice. A striking feature of these variants is that they showed changes at the level of conserved regions of the genome such as the DNA polymerase and thymidine kinase genes. In view of these findings, the importance of HSV evolution towards attenuated variants by the action of polysaccharides is also discussed. Attenuation may be considered part of a natural evolutionary process enabling the virus to contribute with valuable information for the host. © 2016 Fil:Artuso, M.C. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Scolaro, L.A. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Carlucci, M.J. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. 2016 https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_15671348_v46_n_p78_Artuso http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_15671348_v46_n_p78_Artuso
institution	Universidad de Buenos Aires
institution_str	I-28
repository_str	R-134
collection	Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA)
topic	Carrageenans Evolution Herpes simplex virus Horizontal gene transfer Sulfated polysaccharides Viruses aciclovir carrageenan DNA polymerase foscarnet heparin natural product polysaccharide sulfate thymidine kinase polysaccharide sulfate antiviral resistance antiviral susceptibility coevolution DNA polymerase gene DNA virus evolution gene mutation gene structure Herpes simplex virus herpes virus infection human immune evasion nonhuman priority journal red alga Review seaweed thymidine kinase gene virus virus cell interaction virus entry virus envelope virus gene virus genome virus isolation virus replication virus virulence animal horizontal gene transfer life molecular evolution mouse Simplexvirus Animals Evolution, Molecular Gene Transfer, Horizontal Life Mice Polysaccharides Simplexvirus Sulfates Viruses
spellingShingle	Carrageenans Evolution Herpes simplex virus Horizontal gene transfer Sulfated polysaccharides Viruses aciclovir carrageenan DNA polymerase foscarnet heparin natural product polysaccharide sulfate thymidine kinase polysaccharide sulfate antiviral resistance antiviral susceptibility coevolution DNA polymerase gene DNA virus evolution gene mutation gene structure Herpes simplex virus herpes virus infection human immune evasion nonhuman priority journal red alga Review seaweed thymidine kinase gene virus virus cell interaction virus entry virus envelope virus gene virus genome virus isolation virus replication virus virulence animal horizontal gene transfer life molecular evolution mouse Simplexvirus Animals Evolution, Molecular Gene Transfer, Horizontal Life Mice Polysaccharides Simplexvirus Sulfates Viruses Artuso, María Carolina Scolaro, Luis Alberto Carlucci, María Josefina Viruses: As mediators in “Élan vital” of the “creative” evolution
topic_facet	Carrageenans Evolution Herpes simplex virus Horizontal gene transfer Sulfated polysaccharides Viruses aciclovir carrageenan DNA polymerase foscarnet heparin natural product polysaccharide sulfate thymidine kinase polysaccharide sulfate antiviral resistance antiviral susceptibility coevolution DNA polymerase gene DNA virus evolution gene mutation gene structure Herpes simplex virus herpes virus infection human immune evasion nonhuman priority journal red alga Review seaweed thymidine kinase gene virus virus cell interaction virus entry virus envelope virus gene virus genome virus isolation virus replication virus virulence animal horizontal gene transfer life molecular evolution mouse Simplexvirus Animals Evolution, Molecular Gene Transfer, Horizontal Life Mice Polysaccharides Simplexvirus Sulfates Viruses
description	The understanding of the processes occurring in Nature has been a continuing concern throughout the history of mankind. Intellectual tools employed towards this goal were specific for each period and have been largely based on the prevailing paradigms that reigned in the past. In this work we present evidence that supports the idea of viruses as key agents mediating natural processes linked to the evolution of organisms, particularly those involved in the flux of genes in the environment. This point of view tinges our perception of Nature and prompts us to include “viral” creativity and plasticity among the tools we employ to analyze those processes far beyond actual paradigms. Experimental data to support this proposal arose during the study of the interaction of the human pathogen, herpes simplex virus (HSV) with sulfated polysaccharides during multiplication of the virus in vitro. Sulfated polysaccharides are the main chemical structures found in carrageenans (CGNs) that are natural products obtained from seaweeds, which proved to be strong inhibitors for the virus. Here we describe the interaction between virus and CGNs as a suitable scenario for the emergence of viral variants which proved to be markedly attenuated for mice. A striking feature of these variants is that they showed changes at the level of conserved regions of the genome such as the DNA polymerase and thymidine kinase genes. In view of these findings, the importance of HSV evolution towards attenuated variants by the action of polysaccharides is also discussed. Attenuation may be considered part of a natural evolutionary process enabling the virus to contribute with valuable information for the host. © 2016
author	Artuso, María Carolina Scolaro, Luis Alberto Carlucci, María Josefina
author_facet	Artuso, María Carolina Scolaro, Luis Alberto Carlucci, María Josefina
author_sort	Artuso, María Carolina
title	Viruses: As mediators in “Élan vital” of the “creative” evolution
title_short	Viruses: As mediators in “Élan vital” of the “creative” evolution
title_full	Viruses: As mediators in “Élan vital” of the “creative” evolution
title_fullStr	Viruses: As mediators in “Élan vital” of the “creative” evolution
title_full_unstemmed	Viruses: As mediators in “Élan vital” of the “creative” evolution
title_sort	viruses: as mediators in “élan vital” of the “creative” evolution
publishDate	2016
url	https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_15671348_v46_n_p78_Artuso http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_15671348_v46_n_p78_Artuso
work_keys_str_mv	AT artusomariacarolina virusesasmediatorsinelanvitalofthecreativeevolution AT scolaroluisalberto virusesasmediatorsinelanvitalofthecreativeevolution AT carluccimariajosefina virusesasmediatorsinelanvitalofthecreativeevolution
_version_	1768546320688087040

Viruses: As mediators in “Élan vital” of the “creative” evolution

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