Study of the fetal anatomical varieties of the sciatic nerve in Córdoba, Argentina
The sciatic nerve originates in the spinal nerves from L4 to S3 and it is the terminal root of the sacral plexus. It emerges from the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen, generally passing directly underneath the piriformis muscle along with other neurovascular structures. Different varieties...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , |
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| Formato: | Artículo revista |
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Universidad Nacional Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnología
2022
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| Acceso en línea: | https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/med/article/view/38937 |
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| Sumario: | The sciatic nerve originates in the spinal nerves from L4 to S3 and it is the terminal root of the sacral plexus. It emerges from the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen, generally passing directly underneath the piriformis muscle along with other neurovascular structures. Different varieties in the relationship between the sciatic nerve and the piriformis muscle have been described. The most used one defines six different types. Locally, there are few studies about the topic. For this reason, from the Fetal Anatomy Area of the Normal Anatomy Chair, FCM-UNC, we proposed the study of the different varieties of the sciatic nerve through serial dissections of samples from the city of Córdoba. The aim was to determine the incidence of the different sciatic nerve varieties related to the piriformis muscle.The study was carried out on fetal cadaveric samples, under 500 grams of weight, provided by Misericordia Hospital, Córdoba. Sixty gluteal regions corresponding to thirty fetuses between 15 and 22 weeks, sixteen females and fourteen males, were dissected.The following varieties were found: type 1 or classic variety (77%); type 2 (17%) with the muscle perforated by the common fibular nerve while the tibial nerve goes underneath; type 3 (3%) with the origin of the common fibular nerve over the muscle. Another variety, not described in Beaton and Anson´s classification, was found and was called type 4 (3%), with a branch going through the piriformis muscle thickness and two branches coming underneath it.Type 2 incidence is higher than in other studies and type 3 is within the descripted ranges. This medical investigation provides a database from Cordoba, Argentina, about the incidence, morphological characteristics, and photographic documentation of the different sciatic nerve varieties. The knowledge of these varieties will be very useful for the healthcare professionals to improve diagnosis quality and to avoid sciatic nerve damage when performing a surgical procedure in the region. |
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