Patch identity and the spatial heterogeneity of woody encroachment in exotic - dominated old-field grasslands

Most grassland communities in agricultural landscapes comprise a mix of exotic and native plants, where grasses and forbs are disposed in low diversity patches conforming a heterogeneous matrix of vegetation. Within these "novel" ecosystems, woody encroachment is one of the principal cause...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Mazía, Cristina Noemí
Otros Autores: Tognetti, Pedro Maximiliano, Cirino, Ezequiel D.
Formato: Artículo
Lenguaje:Inglés
Materias:
COMPETITION
NOVEL ECOSYSTEMS
PAMPEAN GRASSLANDS
SEED PREDATION
SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT
WOODY INVASION
ARABLE LAND
BIOLOGICAL INVASION
DOMINANCE
GRASSLAND
HETEROGENEITY
INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION
INVASIVE SPECIES
OLD FIELD
PATCHINESS
SURVIVAL
ARGENTINA
PAMPAS
CONIUM
CONIUM MACULATUM
CYNODON DACTYLON
FESTUCA ARUNDINACEA
GLEDITSIA
GLEDITSIA TRIACANTHOS
LOLIUM
LOLIUM MULTIFLORUM
POACEAE
RODENTIA
Acceso en línea:http://ri.agro.uba.ar/files/intranet/articulo/2013mazia.pdf
LINK AL EDITOR
Aporte de:Registro referencial: Solicitar el recurso aquí
Biblioteca Central (FAUBA) de Universidad de Buenos Aires
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520 |a Most grassland communities in agricultural landscapes comprise a mix of exotic and native plants, where grasses and forbs are disposed in low diversity patches conforming a heterogeneous matrix of vegetation. Within these "novel" ecosystems, woody encroachment is one of the principal causes of ecosystem degradation. Here, we examined the resistance to exotic woody establishment [Gleditsia triacanthos] into four different monospecific patches characteristics of old-field grasslands in Inland Pampa: an annual forb [Conium maculatum], an annual grass [Lolium multiflorum], and two perennial grasses [Cynodon dactylon and Festuca arundinacea]. We evaluated the filter to tree recruitment by rodent seed removal and survival and growth of Gleditsia seedlings transplanted into undisturbed and disturbed microsites, within each patch. Beneath intact vegetation seed removal was an important biotic filter to woody establishment whereas disturbances facilitated seed survival in patches of perennial grasses. Patch identity affected tree growth, and Cynodon reduced the final biomass compared to forbs. Disturbance enhanced tree performance independently of patch type. After 2 years, tree survival was independent of disturbance and patch identity. As patch identity may regulate granivory and growth of tree saplings, community susceptibility or resistance to woody invasion rather than representing a static community attribute could vary according to the dynamic changes in the proportion of susceptible-resistant patches. Broadly, our work reinforces the concept that mechanisms regulating vegetation heterogeneity add a component of stochasticity to biotic resistance to community plant invasion. 
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700 1 |9 12692  |a Tognetti, Pedro Maximiliano 
700 1 |a Cirino, Ezequiel D.   |9 72659 
773 |t Plant Ecology  |g vol.214, no.2 (2013), p.267-277 
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900 |a ^aMazia, N.^tDepartamento de Producción Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Buenos Aires, Argentina 
900 |a ^aTognetti, P.M.^tDepartamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Buenos Aires, Argentina 
900 |a ^aCirino, E.D.^tDepartamento de Producción Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Buenos Aires, Argentina 
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900 |a SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT 
900 |a WOODY INVASION 
900 |a ARABLE LAND 
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900 |a DOMINANCE 
900 |a GRASSLAND 
900 |a HETEROGENEITY 
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900 |a Most grassland communities in agricultural landscapes comprise a mix of exotic and native plants, where grasses and forbs are disposed in low diversity patches conforming a heterogeneous matrix of vegetation. Within these "novel" ecosystems, woody encroachment is one of the principal causes of ecosystem degradation. Here, we examined the resistance to exotic woody establishment [Gleditsia triacanthos] into four different monospecific patches characteristics of old-field grasslands in Inland Pampa: an annual forb [Conium maculatum], an annual grass [Lolium multiflorum], and two perennial grasses [Cynodon dactylon and Festuca arundinacea]. We evaluated the filter to tree recruitment by rodent seed removal and survival and growth of Gleditsia seedlings transplanted into undisturbed and disturbed microsites, within each patch. Beneath intact vegetation seed removal was an important biotic filter to woody establishment whereas disturbances facilitated seed survival in patches of perennial grasses. Patch identity affected tree growth, and Cynodon reduced the final biomass compared to forbs. Disturbance enhanced tree performance independently of patch type. After 2 years, tree survival was independent of disturbance and patch identity. As patch identity may regulate granivory and growth of tree saplings, community susceptibility or resistance to woody invasion rather than representing a static community attribute could vary according to the dynamic changes in the proportion of susceptible-resistant patches. Broadly, our work reinforces the concept that mechanisms regulating vegetation heterogeneity add a component of stochasticity to biotic resistance to community plant invasion. 
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